% This is an ASCII version of the index of all four volumes % of "TeX in Practice", Copyright (C) 1993 Springer-Verlag New York. % The index is provided to you in machine readable form for your own % convinience so you can bring up the index in a text editor to % search for a term. \,, II-185 \;, II-185 \>, II-185 \BackslashTt\LeftQuoteTt, I-20 \VisibleSpaceTt, I-23, I-24 \BackslashTt\BackslashTt, II-37, II-43 \DollarSignTt\DollarSignTt, II-156 \PercentSignTt, I-17, III-10 \BackslashTt\DoubleQuoteTt, I-21 \AmpersandTt, I-17, I-24, I-199, IV-201 spaces, IV-229 \RightQuoteTt, I-20, III-24 \AcuteAccentTt, I-20 \RightQuoteTt\RightQuoteTt\space(''), I-20 \LeftQuoteTt\space (reverse apostrophe or left quote), I-20 \BackslashTt\VisibleSpaceTt, I-22, I-23, II-11, II-185, III-4, III-17 \LeftQuoteTt\LeftQuoteTt\space (``), I-20 \DoubleQuoteTt, I-20, I-40 \LeftParenthesisTt\RightParenthesisTt, I-19 \LeftBracketTt\RightBracketTt, I-19 \PoundSignTt, I-18 \BackslashTt\LeftBraceTt, I-19 \LeftBraceTt\RightBraceTt, I-4, I-18 \BackslashTt\RightBraceTt, I-19 \PlusSignTt, I-19 \BackslashTt\PlusSignTt, I-19, I-198 \HyphenTt, I-21, I-23 \MinusSignTt, I-19, I-23 \-, II-139 \EnDashTt\space (en-dash), I-21, I-23 \EmDashTt\space (em-dash), I-21, I-23 {$\pm$}, II-167 $\mp$, II-167 \BackslashTt/ (italic correction), II-256 $|$, I-154 \BackslashTt, I-4, I-16, III-10, III-65 \LessThanSign, I-20 \GreaterThanSign=, II-168 =/, III-24 \GreaterThanSign, I-20 \BackslashTt,, II-207 \PeriodTt, I-21 $\cdots$ {\it see\/} \cdots, I-22 $\cdots$ {\it see\/} \ldots, I-22 \QuestionMarkTt, I-19 \OpenQuestionTt, I-19 \ExclamationPointTt, I-19 \OpenExclamationTt, I-19 \UnderscoreTt, I-18, II-160 \DollarSignTt, I-17, II-155 \BackslashTt\UnderscoreTt, I-18, III-24 \CaretTt, I-4 \BackslashTt\CaretTt, I-18 \TildeTt, I-22, I-25, I-159, III-15 \BackslashTt\TildeTt, I-22 \ddag, I-23 \AtSignTt, I-16, III-13 category code, III-13 \BackslashTt\ExclamationPointTt, II-185 255 box register, I-37, IV-2, IV-45, IV-51, IV-58 256, I-44 \AA, I-22 \aa, I-22 abbreviations, I-22 *\above, II-172, II-173 *\abovedisplayshortskip, I-93, II-217, IV-14 *\abovedisplayskip, I-93, II-217, IV-9, IV-14 *\abovewidthdelims, II-172 absolute value dimension, I-81, I-91 number, I-57 \AbsoluteValue, I-57 Acc, II-192 *\accent, II-12, II-294 accents, II-294 acute, I-20 bar-under, IV-354 cedilla, IV-354 circumflex, I-18 dot-under, IV-354 grave, I-20 math, II-177, II-197, II-294 text, II-294 wide, II-177 \AccessArrayElement, III-136, III-137 \active, III-15 active characters, I-24, I-25, III-15, III-16 end-of-line, I-25 delimiters, III-191 math mode, III-23 plain format, III-24 space, I-25 tilde, III-15 \acute, II-177 acute accent, I-20 \AcuteAccentText, III-28 \AcuteAccentTt, III-28 \AddBoxToQueue, III-423, III-426 \AddCounterToResetList, I-75 \AddInfo, III-118, III-119, III-210 \AddToRobustList, III-482 *\adjdemerits, I-54, II-143, II-149 administrative files, I-10, III-541 *\advance, I-39 \AdvanceBoxDimension, I-102 \AdvanceByTabStops, IV-299 \advancepageno, III-563, IV-50, IV-93 .afm, II-324 *\afterassignment, I-235, I-336, I-338, II-108, III-112, III-235, III-236, III-315 grouping, III-239 multiple, III-238 \AfterEveryPar, III-349 *\aftergroup, I-338, III-111, III-112, III-315, IV-99 \aleph, II-167 algorithm page breaking, IV-1--IV-38 alignment columns, IV-200 vboxes, I-256 vertical, IV-355 allocation box registers, I-95 \allowbreak, I-159, IV-17 \Alph, I-68 \alph, I-68, I-69, II-62 \alpha, II-166 alphabet calligraphic, II-167 \AlwaysBaseLineSkip, I-232 \amalg, II-168 American Mathematical Society, I-14 ampersand, I-17, I-24, I-199, IV-201 spaces, IV-229 \AmpersandText, III-28 \AmpersandTt, III-28 AMS, I-14 AMSFonts, II-247 \AmSTeX, I-9 \AmSTeX, III-166 amstex, II-315 \angle, II-167 \angt, I-20, II-223 Apollo system, I-2 apostrophe, I-20, III-24 \ApostropheText, III-28 \ApostropheTt, III-28 \Appendix, III-601 \AppendixRef, III-610 \AppendVerbatimL, III-44, III-54 \AppendVerbWrite, III-512 \approx, II-169, II-170 \arabic, I-68 Arabic numerals, I-16, I-47 \ArbitraryDayOfWeek, III-381 \arccos, II-165 \arcsin, II-165 \arctan, II-165 \arg, II-165 arguments, III-181, III-218 default, III-265 delimited, III-99 empty, III-182 delimited parameters, III-195 formal, I-35 normalizing of, III-347 optional, III-253, III-260 spaces in, III-185 arithmetic absolute value, I-57 counter registers, I-50 modular, I-51, I-58 registers, I-37--I-39 array macros, III-77--III-83, III-135--III-149 associative memory, III-77 \ArrayIndexCheck, III-136 ASCII code, I-40, I-43, III-3, III-4 \AssignCounterToReg, I-70, I-76 associative memory, III-77 \ast, II-168 \asymp, II-169 at, II-242 atoms, II-191 field, II-191 nucleus, II-192 types, II-191, II-192 *\atop, II-172, II-173 *\atopwithdelims, II-173 \AtPage, III-608 \AtSignText, III-28 \AtSignTt, III-28 automatic footnote numbering, IV-102, IV-156 list numbering, II-62 .aux, II-324 auxiliary part files, III-541, III-542 \B, III-434, III-435 \b, IV-354 \Backslash, III-28 \backslash, I-17, II-167 \BackslashTt, III-28 *\badness, I-56, I-129 badness, I-127--I-135 1,000,000, I-128 10,000, I-128 computation, I-128 zero badness, I-128 \bar, II-177 base name, I-5, III-447 baseline, I-218 *\baselineskip, I-28, I-93, I-217--I-235, II-11, II-91, II-110, II-112, II-269, II-270, II-274, IV-3, IV-13, IV-171, IV-255, 70 \topskip, I-257 typical settings, I-220 *\batchmode, I-106, III-442, III-521 .bbl, II-324 beautiful, I-2 *\beforedisplayskip, IV-36 \BeginAList, II-55, II-67 \BeginAListX, II-55, II-56 \Beginalt, III-57 \BeginCenter, II-101 \BeginDisplayMath, II-159 \BeginDoubleColumns, IV-176 \BeginEndNote, III-518 \BeginEnumerate, II-73, II-76 \BeginEnv, III-104, III-105 \BeginFigure, IV-129, IV-130 \BeginFontTable, II-298, II-299 *\begingroup, III-53, III-99, III-106 \BeginItemize, II-77 \BeginMath, II-158 \BeginTable, IV-129, IV-131 \BeginTestInsert, IV-31 \BeginVerbatim, III-36, III-40, III-43, III-45, III-53, III-54, III-56, III-198 \BeginVerbWr, III-507 \BeginVerbWrite, III-511 *\belowdisplayshortskip, I-93, II-217, IV-14 *\belowdisplayskip, I-93, II-217, IV-9, IV-14 \beta, II-166 \bf, I-4, II-256 \bgroup, I-167, II-162, II-172, III-99, III-104, III-106, IV-31, IV-324 \egroup and insertions, III-103 \egroup and tables, III-103 horizontal boxes, I-167 .bib, II-324 bibliography generation with TeX, II-321 typesetting of, II-21 bibtex, II-321 big point, I-82 \bigbreak, IV-15, IV-16 \bigcap, II-178 \bigcirc, II-168 \bigcup, II-178 \bigl, II-180 \BigLetPar, II-85 \Bigm, II-181 \bigm, II-181 \bigodot, II-178 \bigoplus, II-178 \bigotimes, II-178 \Bigr, II-180 \bigr, II-180 \bigskip, I-142, II-152, IV-3, IV-14, IV-15 \bigsqcup, II-178 \bigtriangledown, II-168 \bigtriangleup, II-168 \biguplus, II-178 \bigvee, II-178 \bigwedge, II-178 Bin, II-192 *\binoppenalty, I-54, II-144, II-187 boldface font, II-256 poor man's, I-183 \BoldfaceFake, I-183 boolean, III-320 borderlines, I-313 \bordermatrix, II-222 \bot, II-167 *\botmark, IV-82 bottom flush page layout, IV-9 \bowtie, II-169 *\box, I-96, I-211, I-261, I-319, I-336 boxes, I-161--I-207 base line marking of, I-322--I-343 borderlines, I-313 boundary, II-191 characters, I-164, I-168, II-231 comparing horizontal and vertical boxes, I-210 contents registers, I-96 depth natural, I-264 zero, I-185 dimension registers, I-87 dimensions, I-162 discardable items, I-180 enlarging, I-298 font changes, I-168 height natural, I-264 zero, I-185 horizontal, I-161 \bgroup, I-167 dimensions, I-176, I-242 \egroup, I-167 horizontal glue, I-163 horizontal leaders, I-163 hyphenation, I-189 input format, I-165 math material, I-164 rules, I-174 vertical rules, I-164 implicit grouping, I-164, III-106 leaders, I-145, I-147 loose, I-131 lowering, I-169 main vertical list, IV-1 math mode, I-164, I-175 nested, I-164, I-168, I-172, I-214 overfull, I-131, I-132 raising, I-169 reference point, I-162, I-243 marking of, I-322--I-343 registers, I-36, I-95, I-99, I-168 255, I-37, IV-2, IV-45, IV-51, IV-58 allocation, I-95 analyzing TeX's computation, I-226 clearing, I-98 conditionals, III-322 dimensions, I-100 empty, I-103 exchanging, I-97 grouping, III-110 loading of, I-97 queues, III-423 retrieving contents, I-96 setting dimensions zero, I-104 states, I-96 void, I-103, III-322 writing to log file, I-105 ruled, I-318--I-343 tight, I-131 types, I-161 underfull, I-131 unwrapping, I-261 vertical, I-161, I-209--I-312 comparing, I-209 curly braces, I-210 depth, I-243 first item, I-227 glue, I-211, I-213 height, I-243 insertions, I-211 limitation of depth, I-246 marks, I-211 moving horizontally, I-217 paragraphs, I-212, II-8 penalties, I-211 shifting reference point, I-254, I-264 table entries, IV-304--IV-311 vertical list, I-210 visible, I-209 visible, I-163 output routines, IV-44 width, I-176, I-242 natural, I-125, I-176 zero, I-180 \BoxingA, I-319 \BoxingB, I-319, I-321 \BoxingC, I-319, I-323 \BoxingD, I-319, I-324 \BoxingE, I-319, I-332 \BoxLarger, I-298 *\boxmaxdepth, I-89, I-246, I-293, IV-28 \BoxR, I-319, I-334, I-336 \BoxRuleThickness, I-321 \BoxToProtocol, III-526 bp, I-82 braces, I-4, I-18, III-170 math mode, II-207 brackets, I-19 \break, I-158, I-159, II-36, II-43, IV-17--IV-19 break point glue, I-270 \Bref, III-167 \breve, II-177 British Currency Pound Sign, I-17 *\brokenpenalty, I-54, III-597, III-598, IV-20, IV-22, IV-25 \btex, III-56 \ @BuildNewSpecialFiles, III-559 \bullet, II-168 \BVerbB, III-54 \bye, I-4, III-156, III-169, III-180, III-442, IV-53, IV-108 C, 6 \c, IV-354 C++, III-340, 6 calendar Gregorian, III-357 macros, III-357--III-396 monthly, III-385--III-389 yearly, III-390--III-391 calligraphic alphabet, II-167 \CancelSuppressNextParIndent, II-36 \cap, II-168 \Caption, IV-129 \CarCarOfList, III-123 \Card, IV-70 \CardOutputRoutine, IV-71 caret, I-18, II-160 \CaretTabfalse, III-44 \CaretTabtrue, III-44 \CaretText, III-28 \CaretTt, III-28 \CarOfList, III-122, III-126 \CArrayAccess, III-77, III-80 \CArrayAccessInterval, III-77, III-81 case sensitive, I-16 \cases, II-207, II-208 *\catcode, III-5 category codes, III-3, III-5 \AtSignTt, III-13 arguments, III-221 curly braces, III-101 initial, III-10 math, III-7 replacement text, III-8 string comparison, III-337 strings, III-12 table, III-5 tilde, III-15 \CCheckIndex, III-77, III-80 \CCreateArray, III-77, III-78 \cdot, II-168 \cdots, I-22 \CdrOfList, III-123 cedilla accent, IV-354 centered columns, IV-200, IV-204 centering, II-100 paragraphs, II-9 tables, IV-295--IV-303, IV-333 \centerline, IV-297 display math mode, IV-295 \tabskip, IV-296 text, I-135, II-100 \CenterLeaderLine, I-186 \centerline, I-7, I-186, II-100, III-13, III-439, IV-2, IV-91, IV-297 \CenterLineR, I-343 \CenterOrParagraph, III-333 \CenterRightLines, I-203 centimeter, I-82 .ch, II-324 change files, II-317 changed labels, III-96 changing fonts groups, II-239 templates, IV-331 \Chapter, III-600 chapter title page, I-299 \ChapterHeadingTeXIP, I-299, III-601 \ChapterRef, III-610 \ChapterSample, III-582 *\char, I-15, I-41, I-44, I-48, II-12, II-195, II-296, II-302 hyphenation, I-41 characters, I-15--I-23, III-66 boxes, I-164, I-168, II-231 case sensitive, I-16 character based constants, I-43 code, III-3 printing, I-44 codes, I-48, II-230, II-295, III-4 comment, III-18 comparison, III-333 computing character code, II-296 depth, I-165, II-231 dotless, II-170, II-295 double dagger, I-23 fonts, II-231 Greek letters, II-166 height, I-165, II-231 ignoring of, III-8 lower case, I-16 number of in fonts, II-296 number of per pica, II-282 overprinting, I-181 return, I-24, III-10, III-14 size, II-232 space, III-36 tab character, I-17, I-18, I-24, I-25, I-28 tokens, III-3 uppercase, I-16 width, I-165, II-231 \CharactersPerPica, II-282 *\chardef, I-41, II-195, III-151, III-314 \check, II-177 \CheckDate, III-367 \CheckLabels, III-96, III-538, III-546, III-577 \CheckLegalMonth, III-365 \CheckLegalYear, III-364 \CheckRange, III-327 checksums, II-323 \CheckZeroOneRange, III-327 *\choose, II-172, II-173 Cicero, I-82 \circ, II-168 circumflex accent, I-18 *\cleaders, I-145, I-148 \ClearBoxReg, I-98 \ClearEveryPars, II-34 \ClearEveryParsAll, II-34 \CLoadArrayElement, III-77, III-81 \CLoadArrayElementEdef, III-82 Close, II-192 \CloseGenericOStream, III-474 *\closein, III-450 \CloseIndexFiles, III-491, III-494 \closeout, III-473, III-478 \CloseProtWrite, III-525 \CloseVerbWrFile, III-507 \CloseVerbWriteFile, III-512 club line, IV-20 *\clubpenalty, I-54, III-597, III-598, IV-20--IV-22, IV-24, IV-25 \clubsuit, II-167 cmmex, II-200 cmmi, II-199 cmsy, II-200 code, I-40 characters, III-3 collecting information with \edef, III-209 \CollectTokens, III-118 \columns, I-199 columns alignment, IV-200 changing justification, IV-226 eliminating, IV-211 implicit grouping, IV-210 left and right-justified columns, IV-268 left-justified, IV-200, IV-204 narrow, II-150 omitting, IV-222 predetermined width, IV-251 spacing, IV-230 spacing of, IV-240 spanning multiple, IV-263 static, IV-227 \CombineTwoLists, III-128 \CommaPage, III-608 \CommaPageComma, III-609 comments, I-17 characters, III-18 compact glue specification, III-232 rule specification, III-232 \CompareFilesConditional, III-528, III-529 comparing characters, III-333 strings, III-334 token lists, III-343 vertical boxes, I-209 complexity, I-2 compound words, I-21 hyphenation, II-145 \ComputeFreePageOnSpace, IV-7 \ComputeFreeSpaceOnPage, II-116, IV-6, IV-8, IV-27 \ComputeMondayOfWeek, III-384 \ComputeParSkip, II-30 Computer Modern fonts, I-13, I-21 Math Extension, II-200 Math Italic, II-199 Math Symbol, II-200 text fonts, II-248 Computers and Typesetting, I-13 \ComputeStrut, I-239, IV-272, IV-274 conditional input, III-466 verbatim listing of file, III-42, 81 conditionals, III-317 box register related, III-322 conforming, III-350, III-351 \expandafter, III-311 false text, III-317 grouping, III-323 list of, III-320 mode testing, III-321, III-348 numerical, I-56, III-320 prefix resting, III-302 skipping text, III-323 suffix testing, III-307 switch statement, III-340 TeX in Practice, III-351 token related, III-321 true text, III-317 user defined, III-324 conforming conditionals, III-350, III-351 \cong, II-169 constants character code based, I-43 hexadecimal, I-40 numerical, I-39, I-44 octal, I-39 control sequences, I-16, III-3 printing, III-166 testing, III-339 writing to a file, III-479 space, I-22, I-23, II-11, II-185, III-4, III-17 symbols, I-27, III-4, III-66 spaces after, III-4 words, I-27, III-3, III-65 spaces after, III-3 \ControlSequenceConditional, III-339 \ConvertArgsToListAndAppend, III-131 \ConvertStringIntoArray, III-77, III-79 \coprod, II-178 *\copy, I-96, I-211, I-261, I-319, I-336 \CopyDate, III-360 \CopyFirstBoxFromQueue, III-423, III-427 \CopyR, I-319, I-334, I-336 \copyright, IV-353 \cos, II-165 \cosh, II-165 \cot, II-165 \coth, II-165 *\count, I-49 *\countdef, I-49, III-152, III-314, IV-49, IV-51, IV-63 counters parameters, I-53 part processing, III-581 registers, I-35, I-49 0 to 9, I-49 macros, I-68--I-79 \CounterToRegister, I-75 counting lines in a file, III-21, 78 \CountingItem, II-62 *\cr, I-199, IV-201, IV-373 cramped styles, II-195 *\crcr, IV-201, IV-332, IV-373 crop marks, IV-60, IV-63, IV-64 cross-references, III-89 cross-referencing, I-10, III-85, III-607 extended, III-98 nearby pages, III-569 part processing, III-563 TeX in Practice, III-607 to page numbers, III-89 two paths approach, III-98 \csc, II-165 \CShowArray, III-77, III-82 *\csname, III-3, III-69, III-77, III-282 applications, III-69 \CSToString, III-66 \CSToStringCat, III-67 \cup, II-168 curly braces, I-4, I-18, III-170 expansion, III-290 open gobbling, III-240 overview, III-99 parameters delimited, III-182, III-194 vertical boxes, I-210 current date parameters, I-35 \CurrentFontSize, II-270 \CurrentPartName, III-541, III-552 Cyrrilic fonts, II-248 \d, IV-354 \dag, I-23 \dagger, II-168 dagger, I-23 \dashv, II-169 date copying, III-359 current date, I-35 day of week, III-361 format, III-359 macros, III-357--III-396 printing of, III-383 related parameters, I-35 validity, III-367 years number of days, III-371 *\day, I-35, I-53, IV-62 day days in year, III-371 of week computation, III-361 previous, III-374 \DayOfWeekOfEarliestDate, III-357 \DblArg, III-257, III-259 \ddag, I-23 \ddagger, II-168 \ddot, II-177 \ddots, II-223 *\deadcycles, I-56, III-532, IV-58 debugging TeX, III-439 decimal constant, I-39 representation of number, I-59--I-63 \DeeperStrut, I-239, I-241, IV-284, IV-288 *\def, III-172, III-205, III-314, III-315 \edef, III-208 default argument, III-265 hyphenation character, II-142 output routine, IV-2, IV-57 rules depth, I-154, I-155 height, I-154, I-155 width, I-154, I-155 \DefaultArg, III-266 *\defaulthyphenchar, I-55, II-143 *\defaultskewchar, I-55, II-207 \DefinedConditional, III-173 \DefineFontSizeGroup, II-269 definitions macros, I-5, I-7, I-28, III-151, III-159 basics, III-168 nested, III-222 defying grouping, III-113 \deg, II-165 delayed writes, III-473, III-476, IV-3 \DeleteArrayElement, III-136, III-140 \DeleteArrayElementRange, III-136, III-141 *\delimiterfactor, I-56, II-184 delimiters, II-180--II-184 active characters end-of-line, III-191 macro argument, III-99 null, II-182 *\delimitershortfall, I-89, II-184 \Delta, II-166 demand loading of fonts, II-264 of macros, III-230 demerits, II-143, II-149 depth, I-28, I-156 depth boxes natural, I-264 characters, I-165, II-231 horizontal box zero, I-185 keyword depth, I-28, I-156 maximum in \vsplit, I-293 rules, I-154 default, I-154, I-155 vertical box limitation, I-246 vertical boxes, I-243 \det, II-165 detex, I-12 device drivers, I-11, I-14, II-322, IV-48 diagrams in TeX, I-3, II-320 \diamond, II-168 \diamondsuit, II-167 \DicEntry, IV-83, IV-84 dictionaries running head, IV-83 typesetting of, II-22 didot point, I-82 dieresis, I-21 diesis, I-23 digits, I-16 \dim, II-165 *\dimen, I-87 \dimen0, III-48 *\dimendef, I-87, III-152, III-314 dimensions, I-28 box registers, I-87 boxes, I-162 horizontal, I-176, I-242 registers, I-100 largest, I-88 maximum, III-332 pages, IV-46 parameters, I-88 registers, I-36, I-87 rules, I-154 TeX in Practice, III-597 units, I-81 big points, I-82 centimeter, I-82 didot points, I-82 em, I-83 inch, I-82 infinite, I-85, I-124 millimeter, I-82 mu, II-185 notation, I-84 pica, I-82 scaled points, I-38, I-81, I-82 true dimension units, I-86, II-229 \vsplit, I-288 discardable items, IV-4 glue, I-139 horizontal boxes, I-180 *\discretionary, II-139 discretionary hyphens, II-139 display math mode, I-17, II-156, II-216, III-438 horizontal positioning, II-218 tables, IV-209 vertical spacing, II-216 display verbatim mode, I-25, III-26, III-36 advanced, III-43 line numbers, III-44, III-54 displayed equations related penalties, IV-21 *\displayindent, I-89, II-220 *\displaystyle, I-164, I-175, II-195, II-196, II-198, IV-209 \DisplayVerbatimSkip, III-45, III-46 \DisplayVerbatimVskip, III-44 *\displaywidowpenalty, I-54, IV-21 *\displaywidth, I-89, II-220 \div, II-168 *\divide, I-39 \DocPart, III-536, III-537, III-544, III-550 document processing, I-5 \DoFutureLet, III-256, III-272 \DoFutureLetNoSpace, III-271 dollar sign printing dollar amounts, III-331 \DollarSignText, III-29 \DollarSignTt, III-29 \DoLongFutureLet, III-256, III-272 \DoLongFutureLetNoSpace, III-271 \DoLoop, III-412, IV-299 \dosupereject, IV-91, IV-96, IV-108 \dot, II-177 dot-under accent, IV-354 \doteq, II-169 \dotfill, I-150, I-152, IV-207 dotless characters, II-170, II-295 \dots, I-22 double column output, IV-45 output routines, IV-159--IV-198 dagger, I-23 dollar signs, I-17 quotation mark, I-20, I-40 tables, IV-357--IV-371 double column output output routines, IV-166 double crs, IV-224 double-sided printing, IV-43, IV-62 *\doublehyphendemerits, I-54, II-143, II-149 \DoubleQuoteTt, III-29 \DoubleTableVtop, IV-366 \Downarrow, II-170 \downarrow, II-170 \downbracefill, I-150, I-153 *\dp, I-87, I-100 \DrawDataBox, I-314, I-315 \DrawHLine, I-314, I-316 \DrawVLine, I-314, I-316 \DropFirstBoxOfQueue, III-423, III-428 \DropFirstElementOfList, III-123 \DropLastElement, III-127 \DropPoints, III-12 \DropPrefix, III-305 \DSCFooter, IV-182 \DSCHeader, IV-182 \dump, II-314 \DumpAllPars, I-116 .dvi, II-324 dvi files, I-5, II-323 dimensions, II-323 merging, IV-42 previewing, I-7 processing, IV-136 structure, II-323 writing to, III-531 dvipr, I-7, I-11, I-12 dviselect, I-11, IV-49, IV-58 dvitype, II-321, II-323 dynamic loading fonts, II-264 macros, III-230 \E, III-434, III-435 \EachCharacter, III-410 easy, I-2 *\edef, III-17, III-63, III-73, III-205, III-207, III-283, III-313--III-315 applications, III-209 \def, III-208 \expandafter, III-283 \lowercase, III-212 macro definitions, III-205 registers, III-213 suppression of expansion, III-207, III-251 templates, IV-328 \the, III-208 undefined tokens, III-207 \uppercase, III-212 editing, I-5 editor, I-11 \egroup, I-167, II-162, II-172, III-32, III-33, III-99, III-104, III-106, IV-31, IV-324 horizontal boxes, I-167 \EightSpaces, III-165 \eject, I-159, II-115, IV-18, IV-27, IV-72, IV-167, IV-173 electronic mailing lists, I-15 \EliminateRuledBoxes, I-342, IV-44, IV-65 \ell, II-167, II-170 ellipsis, I-22, II-170 *\PrintElse, III-317, III-318, III-497 em, I-83 em-dash, I-21, I-23 Emacs, I-11 \EmDashText, III-29 \EmDashTt, III-29 *\emergencystretch, I-93, II-152 empty box registers, I-103 groups, I-27, I-45, I-123, I-169, III-4, III-102 glue, I-124 lines in math mode, II-157 in text, II-1 strings, III-335 \EmptyBox, I-103 \EmptyBoxRegisterQueueConditional, III-428 \EmptyListConditional, III-121 \emptyset, II-166, II-167 \EmptyStringConditional, III-335 \EmptyStringConditionalISpaces, III-335 en-dash, I-21, I-23 *\end, III-153, III-169, III-442, IV-53 end-of-line active, I-25 delimiters, III-191 character, III-7, III-18, III-36 \EndAList, II-68 \EndAListX, II-55--II-57 \Endalt, III-57 \EnDashText, III-29 \EnDashTt, III-29 \EndCenter, II-101, II-102 *\endcsname, III-282 \EndDisplayMath, II-159 \EndDoubleColumns, IV-169, IV-176 \EndEndNote, III-518 \EndEndNoteWriting, III-518 \EndEnumerate, II-74, II-78 \EndEnv, III-105 \EndEveryBox, I-206 \EndEveryMath, II-223 \EndFigure, IV-129, IV-130 \EndFontTable, II-299 \EndGeneralNotes, III-603 \endgraf, II-13, III-245, III-349 *\endgroup, III-39, III-53, III-99, III-106 ending a document, IV-53 *\endinput, III-10, III-458, III-462, III-463 \endinsert, IV-91, IV-103, IV-104, IV-106, IV-110, IV-111, IV-113, IV-114, IV-117 \EndInsertTopInsFix, IV-111, IV-112, IV-115 \EndItemize, II-78 \EndLabels, III-87, III-88 *\endlinechar, I-55, III-15 \EndMath, II-158 endnotes, III-505, III-516 \EndProcessing, III-538, III-544, III-545 \EndTable, IV-131 \EndTestInsert, IV-31 \EndVerbatim, III-36, III-37, III-40, III-43, III-53, III-54, III-198 \EndVerbWrite, III-511 \EndWhile, III-408 \enskip, I-83, I-142 \enspace, I-83, I-142 \EntryIntolof, II-129, II-130 \EntryIntolot, II-129 \EntryIntotoc, II-128, II-129 \Enum, III-421 \EnumerateLevelOneExtended, II-76 enumeration macros, III-420 environment variables, II-318 environments, III-104, III-432 macros, III-434 nested, III-433 \epsilon, II-166 \eqalign, II-184, II-220 \eqalignno, II-221 \eqno, II-218 equation numbers, II-218 \equiv, II-169 *\errhelp, III-118, III-440 \ErrMessage, III-440 *\errmessage, III-440 errors messages, I-5 *\errorstopmode, III-442 escape character, I-16, I-41 *\escapechar, I-55, III-66 \etex, III-56 Euler family, II-248 \EvalEveryPars, II-34 \EvalEveryParsCE, II-34 \EVerbB, III-54 *\everycr, III-118, IV-201, IV-238, IV-239, IV-373 *\everydisplay, II-157, II-219, II-223, II-224, III-118, III-199 delimited parameters, III-200 *\everyhbox, I-206, III-118, III-238 \EveryHeading, II-92 *\everyjob, III-118 *\everymath, II-157, II-223, III-118 *\everypar, II-12, II-13, II-27, II-30, II-112, III-38, III-52, III-118, III-315, III-349, III-439 multiple, II-33 \EveryParA, II-34, II-35 \EveryParB, II-34, II-35 \EveryParC, II-34, II-35, III-576 \EveryParD, II-35 \EveryParE, II-34, II-35 \EveryParZ, II-34, II-35, III-38, III-39, III-52 *\everyvbox, I-206, III-118, III-238 \ExclamationPointText, III-29 \ExclamationPointTt, III-29 execution after a group, III-111 *\exhyphenpenalty, I-54, I-159, II-144 \exists, II-167 \exp, II-165 *\expandafter, III-69, III-281--III-312, III-315 conditionals, III-311 \edef, III-283 input, III-286 macro calls, III-282 primitives, III-288 expansion, III-159 curly braces, III-290 multiple reversal of, III-289 none, III-314 order, III-281 repeated, III-214 suppression in \edef, III-207, III-251 suppression of, III-312 tables, IV-376 explicit horizontal glue, I-121, I-123 penalties, IV-17, IV-19 vertical glue, I-123 extended space, I-21 Extra math symbol fonts, II-248 \ExtractSubArray, III-136, III-143 false text, III-317 *\fam, I-55, II-204 families, II-192, II-199 fonts, II-201 index, II-199 number, II-192 \FBOnePass, IV-146 \FBTwoPass, IV-143 *\PrintFi, III-317, III-497 \FigRef, III-610 \FigureBox, I-320 \FigureInPar, II-115, II-116 \FigureIns, IV-140, IV-146 \FigureRef, III-610 figures captions output routine, IV-137 fil, I-85, I-135 \filbreak, I-159, IV-18, IV-21 \FileExistsConditional, III-465 \FileNotExistsConditional, III-465 files fmt files, II-314 administrative, I-10, III-541 auxiliary writing comments to, III-562 auxiliary part, III-541, III-542 base name, I-5, III-447 change files, II-317 closing of, III-450 comparing of, III-528 counting lines, III-21, 78 end of file determination, III-322 extension, I-5, III-447 numerical, II-288 file names, III-447 fonts, I-9 formats, I-9, II-314 gf files, II-288 input, III-448--III-472 label file, III-87 list of figure file, III-541 list of table file, III-541 log file, I-5 macros, I-9 pixels, II-286 pk files, II-288, II-289 protocol file, III-525 pxl files, II-288, II-290 reading, III-448, III-449, III-458 reading numbers, III-455 source files, I-5, I-9 style files, I-9, III-437 table of contents, III-499, III-541 tfm files, I-9 tip, I-xxxv, II-xxxv, III-lxi, IV-xxxi, xxv verbatim listing, III-41, III-42, 80, 81 writing to, III-472 fill, I-85, I-135 filll, I-85, I-135 *\finalhyphendemerits, I-54, II-144, II-149 \FindWidestChar, II-75, III-415 \FirstLineSpecial, II-134 *\firstmark, IV-82 \flat, II-167 floating, IV-199--IV-379 bodies, IV-29 tables, IV-199 *\floatingpenalty, I-54, IV-35 .fmt, II-324 \folio, III-327, III-563, IV-50, IV-91 folio, IV-50 *\font, II-199, II-201, II-238, III-152, III-315 \fontdimen, II-243 *\fontname, II-245 fonts fmt files, II-314 AMS fonts, II-247 at, II-242 boldface, II-256 poor man's, I-183 changes, II-239, IV-92 grouping, II-239 in boxes, I-168 in tables, IV-208 characters, II-231 checksums, II-323 Computer Modern, I-13, I-21 Math Extensions, II-200 Math Italic, II-199 Math Symbol, II-200 text fonts, II-248 Cyrrilic, II-248 dimension parameters, II-243 dynamic loading, II-264 Euler family, II-248 family, II-201 files, I-9, II-288 fixed-spaced fonts, I-20 gf files, II-288 groups of, II-269 italic, II-256 italic correction, II-256 ligatures, II-291 line breaking, II-269 loading of, II-230, II-238, II-240 on demand, II-264 magnification, II-227 true dimensions, I-86 math, II-199 monospaced, II-246 names logical, II-271 naming of, II-238 none, II-230 number of characters, II-296 per pica, II-282 numerical file extension, II-288 overview, II-247 pixel files, II-286 pk files, II-288, II-289 plain format, II-258 {\sc PostScript}, II-247, II-309 proportionally spaced, I-20, II-245, II-256 pxl files, II-288, II-290 relative dimension units, I-83 scaled, II-240 scaling, II-242, II-275 sizes, II-257, II-263 typical, II-248 substitution, II-265 table macros, II-297--II-309 tfm, II-238 third party, II-247 typefaces, II-263 typewriter font, I-4, II-256 virtual, 68 \FontTableComplete, II-249 \footins, IV-97--IV-100 \FootLine, IV-63, IV-71 \footline, IV-90, IV-91 \FootNote, IV-90, IV-102 \footnote, II-282, IV-90, IV-97--IV-99, IV-102 footnotes, IV-29, IV-156 math, II-206 plain format, IV-98--IV-102 tables, IV-313 \footstrut, IV-102 \forall, II-167 forced page breaks, IV-19 \ForEachToken, III-119 \ForEveryListElement, III-124 \FormatIsLaTeXConditional, III-37 formats, I-8, II-313, IV-2 files, I-9, II-314 plain format, I-7, I-8, II-314 TeX IP, III-612 \FormLine, I-202 \@ForSpecialFile, III-542 four way choice, II-191 \FourSpaces, III-165 \frac, II-175 fractions, III-99 generalized fractions, II-191 fragile, III-481 Free Software Foundation, I-11 \FreePageSpace, II-116, IV-6, IV-105 \FreeSpaceConditional, IV-7 French ligature \oe and \OE, I-22 French spacing, II-246 \frenchspacing, II-278, II-281 \frown, II-169 \FunnyOmit, IV-221 *\futurelet, III-50, III-252, III-314, III-315 overview, III-253 \FutureLetNoSpace, III-270, III-275 \Gamma, II-166 \gcd, II-165 *\gdef, III-73, III-172, III-314, III-315, IV-218 \GenAeol, III-192 generalized fractions, II-191 \GeneralNotes, III-602 \GenericHeading, II-90, II-93, II-96, III-605 \GenTocEntry, II-121, II-122 \geq, II-169 German es-zet, \ss, I-23 Germany, I-11, I-155 \GetNumberOfLines, II-130 .gf, II-325 gf files, II-288 gfread, II-322 gftodvi, II-322 gftopk, II-322 gftopxl, II-322 gftype, II-322 \gg, II-169 *\global, III-172, III-326, IV-57, IV-72, IV-210 global, III-108 definitions, III-107 \gdef, III-107 magnification, II-227 nested groups, III-109 *\globaldefs, I-56, III-108 glue, I-121--I-145 basics, I-121 between templates, IV-230 break point, I-270 compact specification, III-232 empty group, I-124 horizontal, I-121 examples, I-124--I-127 explicit, I-121, I-123 implicit, I-122, I-123 implicit, I-123, I-142 interline, I-217--I-235 suppression of, I-228 interword, I-24, I-27 kerning and, I-141 keywords, I-122 leaders, I-124, I-145 main vertical, IV-10 math, II-185 minus, I-122 moving down, I-122 moving left, I-122 moving right, I-122 moving up, I-122 multiple, I-133 natural length of, I-122, I-123 none versus zero, I-139 notation, I-122 spaces, I-125 overshrinking, I-126 overstretching, I-126 parameters, I-92, I-122 plus, I-122 reduction rule, I-137 registers, I-36, I-91 \relax, I-123 removal of, I-191 shrinkability, I-122 default, I-123 exceeding, I-124 hierarchy, I-137 infinite, I-135 none, I-124 shrinking, I-125 simplification rule, I-137 stretchability, I-122 default, I-123 exceeding, I-124 infinite, I-135 none, I-124 stretching, I-125 multiple, I-133 templates, IV-226, IV-230 thin space, II-207 top of page, IV-13 vertical, I-121, I-142--I-145, IV-3 explicit, I-123 implicit, I-122, I-123, I-142 vertical boxes, I-211, I-213 visible, I-147 GNU Emacs, I-11 \GobbleDoMore, III-196 gobbling, III-186, III-196 curly braces, III-240 \goodbreak, I-159, IV-18, IV-107 grandparents, I-xxix graph drawing macros, I-313--I-316 \grave, II-177 grave accent, I-20 greater than sign, I-20 \GreaterThanSign, III-29 \GreaterThanSignTt, III-29 Greek alphabet, II-166 Gregor XIII, III-357 Gregorian calendar, III-357 grouping, I-5, III-20, III-99, III-100 \afterassignment, III-239 box registers, III-110 conditionals, III-323 defying, III-113 empty, I-27, I-45, I-123, I-169, III-4, III-102 execution after a group, III-111 font changes, II-239 implicit, I-210, II-156, III-106 boxes, I-164, III-106 \let, III-247 nested, III-101 replacement text macros, III-171 \GSection, III-603 gullet, III-1 hacker, II-318 *\halign, I-191, I-192, I-267, III-153, III-315, IV-2, IV-199--IV-379 basics, IV-201, IV-204 \bgroup, IV-324 \bgroup and \egroup, IV-201 computation of, IV-203 \egroup, IV-324 \hfil, IV-206 \hfill, IV-206 initialized, IV-238 pound sign, IV-201 tab character, IV-201 spread, IV-201, IV-249 to, IV-201, IV-249 *\hangafter, I-56, II-8, II-28, II-80, II-87, II-112, II-133, IV-84 *\hangindent, I-89, II-8, II-28, II-80, II-81, II-87, II-112, II-131, II-133, IV-84 hanging indentation, II-80, II-133 ragged right, II-133 happiness, I-xxix, I-xxxiii, II-xxxiii, III-xxxix, IV-xxix, xxiii hard space, I-27 \hat, I-18, II-160, II-177 *\hbadness, I-55, I-130, I-131 \hbar, II-167 *\hbox, I-162, I-163, I-210, I-319, II-4, II-23 spread, I-130, I-133, I-173, I-177, I-182 to, I-126, I-135, I-173, I-177, I-180--I-183, I-186, I-204 \HboxR, I-319, I-334, I-335 headers over left and right justified columns, IV-268 page breaking, IV-25, IV-27 heading, II-90 macros generic, II-90 tables, IV-214 \HeadLine, IV-62, IV-71 \headline, IV-90, IV-91 \heartsuit, II-167 height, I-28, I-156 height boxes natural, I-264 characters, I-165, II-231 horizontal boxes zero, I-185 keyword height, I-28, I-156 rules, I-154, I-243 default, I-154, I-155 vertical boxes, I-243 \Hex, I-48, III-404 hexadecimal constants, I-40 numbers, III-404 printing, I-48 \HexDigit, III-405 *\hfil, I-136, II-43 \halign, IV-206 templates, IV-226 *\hfill, I-136, I-199 \halign, IV-206 templates, IV-226 *\hfilneg, I-136 *\hfuzz, I-88, I-132 \hidewidth, I-204, IV-263, IV-264 \HigherStrut, I-239, I-240, IV-288 *\hoffset, I-12, I-28, I-89, IV-46, IV-54 *\holdinginserts, I-56, IV-35 \hom, II-165 \hookleftarrow, II-170 \hookrightarrow, II-170 horizontal boxes, I-161 horizontal glue, I-163, I-173 horizontal leaders, I-163 math material, I-164 vertical rules, I-164 glue, I-121 hboxes, I-173 horizontal boxes, I-163 math mode, II-185 lines, I-154 mode, III-438 \leavevmode, I-216 penalties, I-158 restricted, I-210, III-438 rules, I-154 rules, I-154 inserting with \noalign, IV-256 interline glue, I-233 over selective columns in a table, IV-289 tables, IV-258 vboxes, I-211 shifting pages, I-12 *\hrule, I-146, I-154, I-233, III-438, IV-2 \hrulefill, I-150, IV-207 *\hsize, I-28, I-155, I-210, II-3, II-7, II-8, II-10, II-220, III-597, IV-46, IV-161, IV-170, IV-304 \HsizeTeXIP, III-597 *\hskip, I-38, I-87, I-94, I-121, II-11 *\hss, I-136, II-53 *\ht, I-87, I-100 *\hyph, II-145 hyphen, I-21, I-23 *\hyphenation, II-141, II-145 hyphenation, I-21, II-137 \char, I-41 character, II-142 compound words, II-145 determination of, II-139 discretionary, II-139 exception, II-141 hboxes, I-189 hyphenation character default, II-142 printing, II-145 showing of, II-138 suppression of, II-144 *\hyphenchar, II-142, II-145 *\hyphenpenalty, I-54, II-144 \HyphenText, III-29 \HyphenTt, III-29 \i, II-295 \ialign, IV-238 .idx, III-493 .idx2, III-493 \IdxStream, III-494 \IdxStreamSource, III-494 *\PrintIf, III-321, III-329, III-497 *\PrintIfCase, I-57, III-321, III-329, III-497, IV-72 \IfCat, III-497 *\PrintIfCat, III-6, III-321, III-329, III-497 \IfDim, III-497 *\PrintIfDim, III-321, III-497 \IfEmptyBoxRegisterQueue, III-423 \IfEof, III-497 *\PrintIfEof, III-322, III-450, III-452, III-497 \IfFalse, III-497 *\PrintIfFalse, III-322, III-497 \IfHbox, III-497 *\PrintIfHbox, I-99, III-322, III-497 \IfHmode, III-497 *\PrintIfHmode, III-321, III-348, III-497 *\PrintIfInner, III-321, III-348, III-497 \IfMmode, III-497 \IfNum, III-497 *\PrintIfNum, I-56, III-320, III-497 *\PrintIfOdd, I-57, III-318, III-320, III-497, IV-62 \IfTrue, III-497 *\PrintIfTrue, III-322, III-497 \IfVbox, III-497 *\PrintIfVbox, I-99, III-322, III-497 \IfVmode, III-497 *\PrintIfMmode, III-348 *\PrintIfVmode, III-321, III-348, III-497 \IfVoid, III-497 *\PrintIfVoid, I-99, III-322, IV-30 *\PrintIfX, III-322, III-497 \IfXConditional, III-343, III-344 *\ignorespaces, II-44, II-58, III-184, III-203, III-610 ignoring characters, III-8 \Im, II-167 \imath, II-167, II-170 \immediate, III-476, III-478 immediate writes, III-473, III-475, III-476 \IModN, I-58 implicit glue, I-122 grouping, I-210, III-106 boxes, I-164, III-106 groups, II-156 boxes, I-164, III-106 output routines, IV-54, IV-57 tables, IV-210 horizontal glue, I-122, I-123 kerning, I-141 penalties, I-158 vertical, IV-19 vertical glue, I-122, I-123, I-142 \in, II-166, II-169 inch, I-82 *\indent, II-11, II-19, II-87 indentation negative, II-20 paragraphs, II-18 indented paragraphs, II-15 \Index, III-491, III-492, III-494, III-495 \index, IV-134 index composition of, III-489 generation of in TeX, II-321 macros, III-492 output routine, IV-133 registers, I-33, I-34 \IndexBye, III-497 \IndexCS, III-492, III-495 \IndexCSX, III-496 \IndexElse, III-497 \IndexFi, III-497 \IndexIf, III-497 \IndexIfCase, III-497 \IndexIfOdd, III-497 \IndexIfX, III-497 \indexins, IV-134 \IndexLastElement, III-135, III-136 \IndexP, III-491, III-495 \IndexPar, III-497 \IndexPbf, III-499 \IndexPit, III-499 \IndexPrim, III-496 \IndexPSet, III-491, \IndexPit{III-498} \IndexRepeat, III-497 \inf, II-165 infinite dimension units, I-85 shrinkability, I-135 stretchability, I-135 units, I-124 \infty, II-167 initex, II-141, II-313, II-314, III-10 \InitialCollectInfo, III-210 \InitialParts, III-537, III-544, III-550 \InitProtWrite, III-525 \InitReadNumbers, III-456 inline math in tables, IV-208 math mode, I-17, II-156, III-438 verbatim mode, III-26, III-31 verbatim mode advanced, III-35 Inner, II-192 *\input, III-21, III-269, III-442, III-448, III-458 input files, III-448--III-472 nested, III-459 stream number, III-448 \InputAt, III-462, III-466 \InputC, III-466 \InputCWithAt, III-466 \InputD, III-69, III-229, III-467, 57--59 \InputDPrevent, 57, 58, 60, 64 *\inputlineno, I-56, III-460 *\inputnoex, 78 inputting fractions, II-175 horizontal boxes, I-165 math equations, II-209, II-210 tables, IV-291 *\insert, III-107, IV-31, IV-32 \InsertArrayElement, III-136, III-139 insertions, IV-2, IV-28--IV-36, IV-133--IV-158 \bgroup and \egroup, III-103 class index, IV-29 classes, IV-29 limitations, IV-157 oversized, IV-109, IV-112 \pagegoal, IV-7, IV-32 plain format, IV-97 registers, IV-30 topinsertions plain format, IV-103 vertical boxes, I-211 *\insertpenalties, IV-34, IV-108 \int, II-178 interface macros, III-13 \interfootnotelinepenalty, IV-98 \interfootnotepenalty, IV-100 interline glue, I-217--I-235 computation of, I-221 disabling, I-230 empty, I-230 horizontal rules, I-233 suppression of, I-228 \unvbox, I-263 \vskip, I-226 *\interlinepenalty, I-54, II-94, III-597, III-598, IV-21, IV-22, IV-24, IV-25 internal macros, III-13 interword glue, I-24, I-27 spaces, II-275 spacing, II-246, II-275 related characters, I-23--I-28 inverted pyramids, III-416 \InvertedPyramid, III-416 \InvertedPyramidA, III-419 \it, I-4 italic correction, II-256 font, II-256 math, II-167 \Item, II-73 \item, II-87 item labels, II-49 macros, II-68 \itemitem, II-87 \itemitemitem, II-88 itemized lists, II-77 \ItemLL, II-56, II-57, II-60, II-61, II-69 \ItemLLOne, II-60 \ItemLLTwo, II-61 \ItemLR, II-56--II-58, II-62, II-70 \ItemRef, III-610 \ItemRL, II-56--II-58, II-70 \ItemRR, II-56--II-58 \j, II-295 \jmath, II-167, II-170 *\jobname, III-432, III-448, III-541, IV-62, IV-71 \ker, II-165 *\kern, I-140, III-438 kerning, I-140, I-178, II-185, II-291, IV-3 explicit, I-140 glue and, I-141 implicit, I-141 math, I-141, II-185 suppression, II-292 vertical, IV-4 keywords depth, I-28, I-156 glue, I-122 height, I-28, I-156 minus, I-28 parameters, III-232 plus, I-28 spaces after, I-28 width, I-28, I-156 kludge, II-271, III-605 Knuth, Donald E., I-xxv, I-13, II-xxv, III-xxxi, IV-xxi \L, I-23 \l, I-23 \Label, II-73, III-86, III-87, III-90, III-582, III-601 label, III-88 file, III-87 \LabelLR, II-88 labels duplicate, III-96 \Lambda, II-166 Lamport, Leslie, I-xxv, II-xxv, III-xxxi, IV-xxi landscape mode, I-12, IV-48 *\language, I-56, II-140, II-141 \Large, II-271 large operators, II-161, II-178--II-180 largest dimension, I-88 \LargestDecimalPlace, I-61 laser printers, I-1, II-285, II-323 last line paragraphs, II-45 *\lastbox, I-301, I-302, I-303, II-147 \LastElementOfList, III-126 *\lastkern, I-301, I-306 *\lastpenalty, I-301, I-306 *\lastskip, I-301, I-306, II-30, IV-17 \LaTeX, I-xxv, I-xxxviii, I-3, I-9, II-xxv, II-xxxviii, III-xxxi, III-lxiv, III-540, IV-xxi, IV-xxxiv, xxviii fonts, II-248 \halign, III-439 insertions, IV-157 picture environment, I-314, II-320 plain format, III-438 \LaTeX, III-166 latex, II-315 layout of pages, IV-8, IV-54 \lbrace, I-19, II-207 *\lccode, III-62 \ldots, I-22, II-223 *\leaders, I-145, I-147, I-148, II-124 leaders, I-145--I-154, II-123 based on boxes, I-145, I-147 based on rules, I-146 glue, I-124, I-145 horizontal boxes, I-163 macros, I-150 matrices, II-223 replication box, I-145, I-147 rule based, I-145 tables, IV-207 vertical, I-145, I-211 visible glue, I-147 \vsplit, I-280 leading, II-258 leading zeros, I-50 \LeadingZ, I-50 leap year, III-369 \LeapYearConditional, III-369 learning TeX, I-30 \leavevmode, I-214, II-11, II-12, II-24, II-110, II-123, III-19, III-38 horizontal mode, I-216 *\left, II-181, II-182, II-184 left bracket, I-19 double quotation mark, I-20 flush item labels, II-50 justified columns, IV-200, IV-204 justified item labels, II-24 quotation mark, I-43 quote, I-20 \LeftAppendElement, III-122 \Leftarrow, II-170 \leftarrow, II-170 \leftarrowfill, I-150, I-153 \LeftBraceText, III-28 \LeftBraceTt, III-29 \LeftBracketText, III-29 \LeftBracketTt, III-29 \LeftDisplay, II-218, II-219 \LeftFooter, IV-140 \leftharpoondown, II-170 \leftharpoonup, II-170 \LeftHeader, IV-140 *\lefthyphenmin, I-55, II-141, II-145 \LeftLeaderLine, I-186 \leftline, I-186, III-439 \LeftLineR, I-343 \LeftParenthesisText, III-29 \LeftParenthesisTt, III-29 \LeftQuoteText, III-30 \LeftQuoteTt, III-30 \Leftrightarrow, II-170 \leftrightarrow, II-170 *\leftskip, I-93, II-7, II-13, II-14, II-42, II-52, II-55, II-56, II-67, II-81, II-94, II-99, II-106, II-107, II-110, II-112, II-121, II-122, II-133, II-134, II-152, II-218, II-220 with stretchability, II-99 \LeftSkipVerbatim, III-43, III-45, III-46, III-51 \leq, II-169 \leqalignno, II-221 \leqno, II-218 \LessThanSign, III-30 \LessThanSignTt, III-30 *\let, III-152, III-244, III-245, III-314, III-315, III-322 equal sign, III-248 grouping, III-247 macros, III-244 spaces, III-248 undefined tokens, III-245 \LetterConditional, III-354 \Letterhead, III-160 letters, I-16, III-11 letterhead, I-190 macros, III-160 \lg, II-165 liability, I-xxxviii, II-xxxviii, III-lxiv, IV-xxxiv, xxviii library card output routine, IV-66 ligatures, II-291 suppression, II-292 \lim, II-165 \liminf, II-165 limitations of insertions, IV-157 \limits, II-179 \line, III-439, IV-2 line groups, II-107 spacing, I-217--I-235 line breaking comparing with page breaks, IV-36 computations, II-3, II-137, IV-36 demerits, II-143, II-149 horizontal glue, II-42 manual, II-36 penalties, II-144 spaces, I-25 user controlled, II-36 line numbers, III-460 line spacing font sizes, II-269 \LineBreakHeading, II-92, II-94 \LineBreakToc, II-92, II-94 *\linepenalty, I-54, II-144 \LineR, I-343 lines, I-154 counting in a file, III-21, 78 overlapping, I-217 tight, II-143 vertical, I-154 *\lineskip, I-93, I-221, I-230, I-235, IV-13 *\lineskiplimit, I-89, I-220, I-221, I-230, I-235 \LineSpaceMultFactor, II-269--II-271, II-274, 70 list of figures file, III-541 TeX in Practice, II-129 typesetting of, II-128 list of tables file, III-541 TeX in Practice, II-129 typesetting of, II-128 \ListInputD, III-469, III-470, 61 \ListOfFigures, III-540 \ListOfTables, III-540 lists, II-22, II-49, III-120 appending elements, III-122 converting words to, III-133 dropping elements, III-123 empty list testing, III-121 general macros, II-72 itemized, II-77 items oversized, II-60 label duplicate, III-96 macros, II-55 numbered, II-72 processing, III-119 TeX lists, III-120 \ListVerb, III-36, III-37, III-41, III-43, III-58, III-505, 80, 82 \ListVerbAndSource, III-42, III-60, 81 \ListVerbIfFileExists, III-42, 81 \ListVerbTeXIP, III-58, 82 literate programming, II-317 \ll, II-169 \llap, I-182, II-88 \LlapX, I-185 \LoadCountZeroToNine, III-219 \LoadFontOnDemand, II-264 loading fonts, II-230, II-238, II-240 macros, I-8, III-229, 57 .lof, II-324 log file, I-5 writing parameters, I-116 logical page, IV-45, IV-66 \LogPageTG, IV-5 \LogRegister, III-164 *\long, III-227, III-322 \LongCard, IV-73 \Longleftarrow, II-170 \longleftarrow, II-170 \Longleftrightarrow, II-170 \longleftrightarrow, II-170 \longmapsto, II-170 \Longrightarrow, II-170 \longrightarrow, II-170 \loop, III-399, III-400 loops do loop, III-413 macros, III-226, III-399, III-412 while logical, III-408 numerical, III-406 loose boxes, I-131 lines, II-143 *\looseness, I-54, II-149 .lot, II-324 *\lower, I-164, I-169, I-211 *\lowercase, III-62, III-212, III-315 \edef, III-212 lowercase, I-16 lowering boxes, I-169 \lq, I-20 \mac, III-166 macros, I-1 arguments, III-181, III-218 category codes, III-221 default, III-265 delimited, III-99 empty, III-182 formal, I-35 optional, III-253 spaces in, III-185 array, III-77--III-83, III-135--III-149 calendar related, III-357--III-396 calls, III-159 \expandafter, III-282 comparison with primitives, III-154 counter register, I-68--I-79 date related, III-357--III-396 definitions, I-5, I-7, I-28, III-151, III-157, III-159 active characters, I-24, I-25, III-15, III-16, III-23 basics, III-168 \edef, III-205 enumeration, III-420 global, III-107 nested, III-222, III-223 enumeration, III-420 environments, III-434 expansion, III-159 repeated, III-214 tracing of, III-216 expansion of, I-3, III-215 for templates, IV-327 gobbling, III-186, III-196 interface, III-13 internal, III-13 leaders, I-150 \let, III-244 letterhead, III-160 loading dynamic, III-230 loading of, I-8, III-229, 57 loops, III-226, III-399, III-412 macro files, I-9 macro packages, I-7, I-8 names, I-7 organization, III-228 parameters, I-18 delimited, III-181, III-186, III-187 maximum number of, III-163 part processing, III-535 preamble, IV-324 recursion, III-249, III-397, III-399 picking up characters, III-410 redefining, III-171 \edef, III-215 redefinition, III-175 replacement text, I-7, III-99, III-154, III-158, III-159, III-170 grouping, III-171 robust, III-481, III-561 self-redefining, III-224 source files, III-168 table format, IV-351 templates, IV-200, IV-324 undefined, III-177 vertical spacing, I-309 *\mag, I-55, II-228 \magnification, I-28, II-229, III-235 magnification, I-86, II-227, II-275, III-235 fonts, II-227 global, II-227 table, II-243 \magstep, II-228 \magstephalf, II-228 main document file, III-536 main temporary file, III-541 main token list, III-158 main vertical list current page part, IV-7 vertical glues, IV-10 \MakeActive, III-27 \MakeEolActive, III-27 \makefootline, IV-90, IV-93, IV-95 \makeheadline, IV-90, IV-93, IV-94 makeindex, III-490 \MakeOther, III-27 \MakeRobust, III-481, III-483, III-484 \MakeTabActive, III-27 \mapsto, II-170 *\mark, II-35, IV-81, IV-82 marking of overfull boxes, I-132 marks, IV-3, IV-81--IV-87 vboxes, I-211 \m@th, I-150, II-186 \math, III-14 math, II-156 \DollarSignTt\DollarSignTt, II-156 \DollarSignTt, I-17, II-155 accents, II-177, II-197, II-294 atoms, II-191 field, II-191 nucleus, II-192 types, II-191, II-192 basics, II-155 boxes, I-164, I-175, I-211 braces, II-207 category code of, III-7 code, II-194 cramped styles, II-195 display, I-17, II-156, II-216, III-438 display mode horizontal positioning of equation, II-218 double dollar sign, I-17 empty lines, II-157 equation numbers, II-218 families, II-192, II-199 index, II-199 numer, II-192 plain format, II-204 fonts, II-199 Computer Modern, I-13, I-21 Computer Modern Math Extensions, II-200 Computer Modern Math Italic, II-199 Computer Modern Math Symbol, II-200 footnotes, II-206 fractions, III-99 generalized fractions, II-191 inputting, II-175 glue, II-185 registers, I-36 Greek letters, II-166 horizontal boxes, I-164 horizontal glue, II-185 inline, IV-208 inputting equations, II-209, II-210 italic, II-167 kerning, I-141, II-185 lists, II-189, II-191 mathcode, II-193, II-194 mode inline, I-17, II-156, III-438, IV-208 overlining, II-170 overlining of, II-170 roots, II-169 script size, II-196 scriptscript size, II-196 shift character, II-156, III-5 spaces, I-27, II-156 style change, II-191 selection, II-196, II-197 subformula, III-99 subscripts, I-4, II-160--II-162 superscripts, I-4, I-18, II-160--II-162, IV-98 uncramped style, II-195 underlining, II-170 \mathaccent, II-177 *\mathbin, II-191, II-193 *\mathchar, II-194, II-195 *\mathchardef, II-195, III-314 *\mathchoice, II-198 *\mathclose, II-193 *\mathcode, II-194 *\mathinner, II-195 *\mathop, II-190, II-193 *\mathopen, II-193 *\mathord, II-190, II-193 \mathpalette, II-198 *\mathpunct, II-193 *\mathrel, II-193 \mathstrut, II-208, II-209 *\mathsurround, I-89, I-150, I-248 matrices leaders, II-223 \matrix, II-221 \max, II-165 *\maxdeadcycles, I-56, III-532 *\maxdepth, I-89, I-247, IV-28 \MaxDimen, III-332, IV-212 \maxdimen, I-88, I-230, I-247, IV-5, IV-6 maximum depth in \vsplit, I-293 dimensions, III-332 \MaxVskip, I-309, II-90, II-93, II-94 *\meaning, III-61, III-156, III-315 \medbreak, IV-15, IV-16 \medmuskip, II-185 \medskip, I-142, IV-14, IV-15 \MemberOfListConditional, III-125 Mercedes, I-11 merging dvi files, IV-42 *\message, I-37, II-27, III-440, III-521, III-522 \the, I-37 \MF, I-13, II-246, II-315, II-316 \MF, III-166 .mf, II-325 \mid, II-169 \midinsert, IV-90, IV-97, IV-104--IV-106, IV-113, IV-116 \MidInsertFix, IV-117, IV-118 \MidInsertFixPage, IV-117, IV-118 \MidInsertFixTop, IV-118 millimeter, I-82 \min, II-165 \MinDimen, III-332 minus, I-28 minus plus, II-167 \MinusSignText, III-30 \MinusSignTt, III-30 \mit, II-167, II-199 *\mkern, I-141 \MkOthers, III-26, III-27 \MkOthersNoCB, III-27 \models, II-169 modes, III-437 conditionals, III-321, III-348 horizontal, III-438 restricted, I-210, III-438 vertical, III-437 \ModifyArrayElement, III-136, III-138 modulo arithmetic, I-51, I-58 \ModuloOneAdvanceConditional, IV-73 \ModuloOneAdvanceNumCond, I-51, I-52 monospaced fonts, II-246 *\month, I-35, I-53, IV-62 month previous, III-379 monthly calendar, III-385--III-389 \MonthlyCalendar, III-386 \MoreFontTable, II-300 most recent contributions, IV-2 mouth, III-1, III-2, III-153 *\moveleft, I-211, I-217 *\moveright, I-211, I-217, IV-64 \mp, II-168 *\mskip, I-94 mu dimension unit, II-185 multiline displays, II-220 multilingual, II-140 plain format, II-142 multiple \afterassignment, III-238 \everypar, II-33 glues, I-133 plain format, IV-278 reversal of expansion, III-289 rule dimension specifications, I-155 spaces, I-24 printing, III-165 *\multiply, I-39 \MultiRowDel, IV-342 \multispan, IV-221, IV-263, IV-264 *\muskipdef, I-93, III-152, III-314 \MyStrut, I-240, IV-272 \nabla, II-167 \NameDef, III-73, III-74 \NameDefinedConditional, III-71, III-74, III-75 \NameEdef, III-73 \NameGdef, III-73 \NameNewDef, III-74 \NameReDef, III-74 names files, III-447 registers, I-33 \NameUse, III-74 \NameUseFlagUndefined, III-74 \NameXdef, III-73 \narrower, II-14, II-17, II-152, III-433, IV-100 \natural, II-167 natural boxes depth, I-264 height, I-264 width, I-125, I-176 glue length, I-122, I-123 \NaturalDepth, I-264 \NaturalHeight, I-264 nearby pages, III-569 \nearrow, II-170 \neg, II-167 \negthinspace, I-83, I-142 nested boxes, I-164, I-168, I-172, I-214 environments, III-433 groups, III-101 global, III-109 input, III-459 macro definition with parameters, III-223 macro definitions, III-222 tables, IV-309--IV-311 \new..., I-113 \newbox, I-95, I-112 \newcount, I-34, I-49, I-112, IV-30 \NewCounter, I-70--I-72 \NewDef, III-13, III-171, III-172, III-175, III-439 \newdimen, I-87, I-112, IV-30 \NewEnvironment, III-435 \newfam, I-112, II-204, II-207 \NewFont, II-263 \newif, I-112 \newinsert, I-112, IV-29 \BackslashTt @NewLabel, III-542 \newlanguage, I-112, II-141 *\newlinechar, I-55, III-522 \NewLineMessage, III-522 \newmskip, I-93, I-112 \NewPage, IV-19 \NewPageLeftHand, IV-48 \NewPageRightHand, IV-46, IV-48 \NewPageRightHandSpecial, IV-123 \newread, I-112, III-449 \newskip, I-92, I-112 \newtoks, I-112, III-117 \newwrite, I-112, III-473 \NextCharTest, III-262 \NextDay, III-372 \NextMonth, III-378 \NextWeekSameDay, III-376 \ni, II-169 *\noalign, II-221, III-107, IV-256, IV-257, IV-283, IV-355, IV-373 \nobreak, I-158, I-159, II-115, II-124, IV-17, IV-19, IV-25 \NoBreakSpace, III-15 *\noexpand, III-207, III-283, III-284, III-312, III-314, III-315 *\noindent, II-11, II-19, II-28, II-35, II-38, II-52 \nointerlineskip, I-222, I-228, I-231 \nolimits, II-179 non equal sign, III-24 none expansion, III-314 font, II-230 glue versus zero glue, I-139 \nonfrenchspacing, II-278, II-281 \nonscript, II-191 *\nonstopmode, I-106, I-112, II-189, III-155, III-442 \nopagenumbers, IV-50, IV-90, IV-92 \normalbaselines, I-230, I-231, IV-304 \normalbottom, IV-10 \NormalFontTable, II-300 \NormalParIndent, II-35 \normalsize, II-271 \NoSpecialPageRef, III-571 nucleus, II-192 nul.tex, III-22, 79 \null, I-165 null delimiter, II-182 null.tex, III-22, III-461, 79 *\nulldelimiterspace, I-89, II-182 *\nullfont, II-230 *\number, I-43, I-47 number of macro arguments, III-219 \NumberConditional, III-353 \NumberOfDaysInMonth, III-365 \NumberOfDaysInYear, III-371 \NumberOfLinesInFile, III-21, 78 \NumberOfLinesInFiles, III-21, 78 \NumberOfListElements, III-127, III-136 numbers decimal, I-59--I-63 hexadecimal, III-404 octal, I-48, III-404 printing in textual form, I-63 printing numerical values, I-47 Roman, I-47 termination of, I-45 \NumberToText, I-63 numerical alignment, IV-242 computations in tables, IV-337 conditionals, I-56, III-320 constants, I-39, I-44 spaces after, I-27 \nwarrow, II-170 \O, I-22 \o, I-22 \oalign, IV-351 obelisk, I-23 \ObeyLines, III-19, III-20 \obeylines, I-25, II-36, II-38, III-16, III-18--III-20, III-36 \ObeySpaces, III-17, III-20, III-32, III-35 \obeyspaces, I-25, III-16, III-20 \Oct, I-48, III-404, III-405 octal constants, I-39 numbers, I-48, III-404 \odot, II-168 \OE, I-22 \oe, I-22 \offinterlineskip, I-230, I-231, IV-80, IV-272, IV-273, IV-304 tables, IV-273 \oint, II-178 \Omega, II-166 \ominus, II-168 *\omit, IV-201, IV-220 \cr, IV-224 omitting of, IV-200--IV-203, IV-210 \OnPage, III-608 \ooalign, IV-353 Op, II-192 Open, II-192 open exclamation, I-19 open question, I-19 \OpenExclamationText, III-29 \OpenExclamationTt, III-29 \OpenGenericOStream, III-474 \openin, III-449 \OpenIndexFiles, III-491, III-493, III-494 \openout, III-473, III-478 \OpenQuestionText, III-30 \openup, IV-256 \OpenVerbWrFile, III-507 operators large, II-161, II-178--II-180 \oplus, II-168 \OptArgX, III-260, III-261 optional arguments, III-260 Ord, II-192 organizing part processing, III-539 orientation page of, IV-48 \oslash, II-168 \otimes, II-168 \OutCaptionGameOnePass, IV-146 \OutCaptionGameTwoPass, IV-144 *\outer, I-113, III-179, III-322 plain format, III-179 *\output, III-107, III-118, IV-2, IV-44 output routines, IV-39--IV-198 basics, IV-2 boxes visible, IV-44 default, IV-2, IV-57 double column and single column, IV-166 double rules, IV-59 figure caption placement, IV-137 implicit groups, IV-54, IV-57 index printing, IV-133 left hand pages, IV-46 library card printing, IV-66 logical page, IV-45 overview, IV-39 page breaking, IV-2, IV-41 penalties, IV-52 physical pages, IV-45, IV-66 plain format, IV-89, IV-96, IV-132 simplified, IV-93 restoring an output routine, IV-172 right hand pages, IV-46 running heads, IV-60 setting up, IV-44 shifting output, I-12, IV-53 simple, IV-57, IV-59 specific positioning, IV-76 TeX in Practice, IV-121 vertical material, IV-53 output streams, III-472 number, III-472 *\outputpenalty, I-54, IV-19, IV-28, IV-41, IV-52, IV-72, IV-96 \OutputWithoutRules, IV-65 \OutputWithRules, IV-65 Over, II-192 *\over, II-171--II-173, III-153 \OverallSize, I-102 overfull boxes, I-131, I-132 *\overfullrule, I-89, I-132 overlapping lines, I-217 \overline, II-170, II-197 overlining math mode, II-170 overprinting, I-199 characters, I-181 overshrinking glue, I-126 oversized insertions, IV-109, IV-112 oversized item labels, II-60 overstretching glue, I-126 *\overwithdelims, II-173 \P, I-23 .p, II-325 page current, IV-1, IV-2 dimensions, IV-46 glue on top, IV-13 horizontal shifting, I-12 layout, IV-8, IV-54 numbering of, IV-48 partial processing, III-562 page breaking after hyphenated line, IV-20 algorithm, IV-1--IV-38 around headings, IV-25, IV-27 \bigbreak, IV-15 comparing with line breaks, IV-36 computations, IV-4, IV-36 explicit, IV-19 forced, IV-19 hyphenated lines, IV-20 implicit vertical glue, IV-13 logical pages, IV-45, IV-66 \medbreak, IV-15 output routine, IV-41 output routines, IV-2 parameters, IV-28 penalties, IV-15 preventing of, I-210 \smallbreak, IV-15 tables with horizontal rules, IV-351 page layout bottom flush, IV-9 plain format, IV-10 ragged bottom, IV-9, IV-66 page numbering double, IV-51, IV-60 folio, IV-50 incrementing, IV-57 odd versus even, IV-62 printing, III-327 Roman, IV-49 suppression, IV-92 \pagebody, IV-90, IV-93 \pagecontents, IV-90, IV-95, IV-96, IV-113, IV-117, IV-118 *\pagefilllstretch, IV-28 *\pagefillstretch, IV-28 *\pagefilstretch, IV-28 *\pagegoal, IV-4--IV-6, IV-8, IV-31, IV-32, IV-37, IV-106, IV-166 updating of, IV-5 \pageinsert, IV-90, IV-97, IV-104, IV-105, IV-109, IV-118, IV-130 \PageLine, IV-140 \pageno, I-50, III-327, IV-49--IV-51, IV-57 \PageRef, III-86, III-87, III-89, III-565, III-566, III-568 pages left hand, IV-46 nearby, III-569 orientation, IV-48 landscape mode, I-12, IV-48 portrait mode, I-12, IV-48 physical, IV-45, IV-66 right hand, IV-46 selective printing, IV-58 shifting, I-12, IV-53 size, II-196 vertical shifting, I-12 \PageShortForm, III-609 *\pageshrink, IV-28 \PagesRef, III-611 \PagesShortForm, III-609 *\pagestretch, IV-28 *\pagetotal, IV-4--IV-6, IV-8, IV-37, IV-106 updating of, IV-5 \PrintParPrimitive, III-19, III-153, III-201, III-349, III-438, III-439, III-450, IV-7 par, IV-18 paragraph sign, \P, I-23 paragraphs, II-1--II-153 arbitrary shapes, II-105 as table entries, IV-304, IV-306 between table rows, IV-316 big letter start, II-85 centering of, I-135, II-9, II-100 club line, IV-20 empty lines, II-1 ending of, II-1, II-12 first line special, II-134 hanging, II-80, II-133 hanging indentation ragged right, II-133 indentation, II-18 negative, II-20 suppression of, II-19, II-35 indented, II-15 last line, II-45 line numbers in, I-296 lines loose, II-143 lists, II-22, II-49, III-120 number of lines in, II-130 parameters timing, II-110 predetermined first line, II-10 processing of, II-3 pyramids, III-416 ragged right, II-99, II-246 related parameters, II-7 related penalties, IV-22 vertical, IV-20 samples, III-402 spaces, II-1 starting, II-1, II-11 tables, IV-311--IV-320 vboxes, I-212 vertical boxes, II-8 vertical spacing between, II-25 widow line, IV-20 \parallel, II-169 parameter definition of term, I-35 \angt{parameter text}, III-181 parameters, I-35, III-180 counters, I-53 delimited, III-181, III-186, III-187 delimiters, III-189 empty, III-195 \everydisplay, III-200 gobbling, III-196 gobbling macros, III-196 space, III-190 tabs, III-190 dimensions, I-88 glue, I-92, I-122 keywords, III-232 macros, I-18 maximum number of, III-163 mixed types, III-201 page breaking, IV-28 tokens, III-4 undelimited, III-181 spaces, III-183 writing to log file, I-116 parentheses, I-19 tables, IV-339 *\parfillskip, II-8, II-42, II-45, II-100, II-112, II-123, II-134 \ParFl, III-201 *\parindent, I-28, I-89, II-7, II-11--II-13, II-17, II-18, II-81, II-112, II-123, II-152, III-18 *\parshape, II-8, II-105, II-106, II-131, II-220 extended command, II-107 *\parskip, I-28, I-93, I-211, II-7, II-11--II-13, II-25, II-29, II-30, II-69, II-94, II-110, II-112, II-217, III-18, IV-3, IV-9, IV-14, IV-36 dynamic computation, II-29 part processing auxiliary files, III-536, III-541, III-542 counters, III-581 cross-referencing, III-563 nearby pages, III-569 example, III-581 macros, III-535 numbering of pages, III-562 part list, III-536, III-537 parts, III-535 table of contents, III-587 generation, III-543 \partial, II-166, II-167 partial derivatives, II-166 patch, II-271, III-605 patgen, II-322 *\pausing, I-54, III-443 PCs, I-1 penalties, I-157--I-159, III-438, IV-3 displayed equations related, IV-21 explicit, IV-17, IV-19 horizontal, I-157 horizontal mode, I-158 implicit, I-158 line breaking, II-144 negative, I-158 output routine, IV-52 page breaking, IV-15 positive, I-158 vertical, I-157 vertical boxes, I-211 vertical mode, I-158 \vsplit, I-285 zero value, I-158 zero versus none, IV-23 *\penalty, I-157 percent sign, I-17, III-10 \PercentSignPure, III-30 \PercentSignText, III-30 \PercentSignTt, III-30 periods, I-21 spaces, II-282 \PeriodText, III-30, IV-244 \PeriodTt, III-30 \perp, II-169 \phantom, II-208, II-209 phantoms, II-208 \Phi, II-166 \phi, II-166 photo typesetters, I-1, II-285 photographic reduction, II-242, II-275 physical pages, IV-45, IV-66 \Pi, II-166 pica, I-82 \PickFirstOfTwo, III-285 \PickSecondOfTwo, III-285 pixels, II-285 pktopxl, II-322 pktype, II-322 plain format, I-7, I-8, II-314 fonts, II-258 footnotes, IV-98--IV-102 insertions, IV-97 \LaTeX, III-438 math family definitions, II-204 multilingual, II-142 \outer macros, III-179 output routine, IV-89, IV-96, IV-132 simplified, IV-91 plain.tex, II-142, II-314 running foot, IV-91 running head, IV-91 table macros, IV-351 topinsertions, IV-103 version number, II-325 plain.tex, II-142, II-314 \plainoutput, IV-90 pltotf, II-316, II-322 plus, I-28 plus minus, II-167 plus sign, I-19 \PlusSignText, III-30 \PlusSignTt, III-30 \pm, II-168 \pmatrix, II-222 point, I-82 Polish suppressed-L, \l and \L, I-23 pooltype, II-322 poor typesetting, II-134 \PopVerbatimL, III-55 Porsche, I-xxxiii, II-xxxiii, III-xxxix, IV-xxix, xxiii portrait mode, I-12, IV-48 *\postdisplaypenalty, I-54, II-216, IV-21 {\sc PostScript}, III-9 fonts, II-247, II-309 pound sign tables, IV-201 \pounds, III-29 \PoundSignText, III-30 \PoundSignTt, III-30 \Pr, II-165 preamble, IV-200--IV-203 macros, IV-324 \prec, II-169 \preceq, II-169 *\predisplaypenalty, I-54, II-216, IV-21 *\predisplaysize, I-89, II-219 prefix strings, III-302 \PrefixConditional, III-302 \PrepareFigureBox, IV-141 *\pretolerance, I-53, II-137, II-149 \PrevDay, III-374 *\prevdepth, I-89, I-222, I-227 *\prevgraf, II-12, II-130, II-131, II-220 previewing, I-7 previous day, III-374 month, III-379 \PrevMonth, III-379 \PrevWeekSameDay, III-376, III-377 \prime, II-162, II-167, III-24 primitives, I-5, I-7, II-313, III-151, III-152 comparison with macros, III-154 duplicating, III-245 \expandafter, III-288 redefining, III-154 \show, III-155 \PrintAlph, I-48, 1, 2 \PrintAsterisk, III-397, III-398 \PrintAtPosition, IV-76, IV-80 \PrintCatCode, II-303 \PrintCounter, I-70, I-74 \PrintDayOfWeek, III-361 \PrintElse, III-497 \PrintEven, III-319 \PrintFi, III-497 \PrintHyphens, II-145 \PrintIf, III-497 \PrintIfCase, III-497 \PrintIfCat, III-497 \PrintIfDim, III-497 \PrintIfEof, III-497 \PrintIfFalse, III-497 \PrintIfHbox, III-497 \PrintIfHmode, III-497 \PrintIfMmode, III-497 \PrintIfNum, III-497 \PrintIfOdd, III-497 \PrintIfTrue, III-497 \PrintIfVbox, III-497 \PrintIfVmode, III-497 \PrintIfVoid, III-497 \PrintIfX, III-497 \PrintInDollar, III-331, IV-337 printing characters character code, I-44 dollar amounts, III-331 number in textual form, I-63 \PrintMilTime, I-51 \PrintMode, III-348 \PrintMonth, III-363 \PrintMonthQ, III-329 \PrintOdd, III-319 \PrintOddEven, III-318 \PrintParWithLineNumbers, I-296 \PrintRegister, III-164 \PrintRepeat, III-497 processing dvi files, IV-136 large documents, III-535 \ProcessNow, III-544, III-551 \ProcessPart, III-550 \prod, II-178 \ProduceNumber, III-355 profile, II-322 programmable, I-3 formatting systems, I-1 proportionally spaced fonts, I-20, II-245, II-256 \propto, II-169 protocol file, III-525 \ProvideDayOfWeek, III-361 \ProvideMonth, III-362, III-363 \PS, III-166 \Psi, II-166 public domain, I-1, I-14 Punct, II-192 pure TeX, I-7 \PushVerbatimL, III-55 .pxl, II-325 pxl files, II-288, II-290 pxltopk, II-322 pxltype, II-322 pyramids inverted, III-416 \qquad, I-83, I-142 \quad, I-83, I-142 quad, I-83 \QuestionMarkText, III-30 \QuestionMarkTt, III-30 queues box registers, III-423 quotation mark left, I-43 Rad, II-192 ragged bottom page layout, IV-9, IV-66 ragged right, II-99, II-133, II-246 \raggedbottom, IV-10 \raggedright, II-99 *\raise, I-164, I-169, I-211 range checking, III-327 raster output devices, II-284, II-285 \rbrace, I-19, II-207 \Re, II-167 *\read, III-152, III-286, III-315, III-449 \ReadANumber, III-456 \ReadANumberResult, III-456 \ReadInEndNotes, III-518 reading file, III-448, III-449 complete, III-458 numbers from a file, III-455 \ReassignCounter, I-70, I-72, II-73 recent contributions, IV-1 recursion, III-249, III-397, III-399 picking up characters, III-410 \RecursionMacroEnd, III-399 \ReDef, III-172, III-175 redefining \edef based macros, III-215 macros, III-171, III-175 \PrintParPrimitive in tables, IV-225 primitives, III-154 \ReduceToStrut, I-241 \Ref, III-86, III-87, III-89, III-565 \RefCounter, I-70, I-74 reference point boxes, I-162, I-243 registers, I-33--I-119 0 to 9, I-49 allocation, I-33 arithmetic, I-37--I-39 assignment, I-37 box registers, I-36, I-95, I-168 boxes allocation, I-95 clearing, I-98 dimensions, I-100 loading of, I-97 void, I-103, III-322 writing to log file, I-105 counters macros, I-68--I-79 dimensions, I-36, I-87 \edef, III-213 exchanging box registers, I-97 extracting values, III-313 glue, I-36, I-91 index, I-33, I-34 insertions, IV-30 math glue, I-36 names, I-33 printing, I-35 temporary, I-34 token, I-36, III-117 types, I-33 Rel, II-192 *\relax, I-44, I-45, III-431, IV-233 glue, I-123 *\relpenalty, I-54, II-144, II-186 \RemLsp, III-309 \removelastskip, IV-16, IV-17 \RemTsp, III-308, III-309 \PrintRepeat, III-400, III-497 repeated use table entries, IV-216 replacement text, I-7, III-99, III-154, III-158, III-159, III-170 category codes, III-8 grouping, III-171 \ReplaceSubStrings, III-297 replacing substrings, III-297 \ReportBoxType, I-99 \ReportCharSize, II-232 \ReportDefined, III-173 \ReportOnDefined, III-346 reset list, I-72, I-73, I-75 \RestoreSpaceFactor, II-282 \ResultNumberOfLines, II-130 return character, I-24, III-10, III-14 \ReturnNumberOfLinesInFile, III-21, 78 reverse apostrophe, I-20 \ReverseList, III-126 \ReverseString, III-300 reversing a string, III-300 \rho, II-166 *\right, II-181, II-182, II-184 right bracket, I-19 double quotation mark, I-20 quote, I-20, I-39, III-24 right-justified columns, IV-200, IV-204 item labels, II-23 lines, II-41 \RightAppendElement, III-122 \Rightarrow, II-170 \rightarrow, II-170 \rightarrowfill, I-150, I-152, IV-207 \RightBraceText, III-28 \RightBraceTt, III-30 \RightBracketText, III-30 \RightBracketTt, III-30 \RightFooter, IV-140 \rightharpoondown, II-170 \rightharpoonup, II-170 \RightHeader, IV-140 *\righthyphenmin, I-55, II-141, II-145 \RightLeaderLine, I-186 \rightleftharpoons, II-170 \rightline, I-186, III-439 \RightLineR, I-343 \RightParenthesisText, III-31 \RightParenthesisTt, III-31 \RightQuoteText, III-31 \RightQuoteTt, III-31 *\rightskip, I-93, II-8, II-13, II-14, II-42, II-45, II-52, II-55, II-56, II-67, II-81, II-99, II-106, II-110, II-112, II-123, II-133, II-134, II-152, II-218, II-220, IV-37 stretchability, II-99 \Rlap, I-185 \rlap, I-182, I-184, I-201 \RlapX, I-185 \rm, II-256 robust macros, III-481, III-561 \Robusting, III-482 \Roman, I-68 Roman numerals, I-47 page numbers, IV-49 \roman, I-68 *\romannumeral, I-48, IV-49 *\root, II-169, II-180 roots, II-169 rows skipping, IV-222 \rq, I-20 rules, I-154--I-157, IV-2 boxes, I-318--I-343 compact specification, III-232 depth, I-154 default, I-154, I-155 dimensions, I-154 height, I-154 default, I-154, I-155 horizontal, I-154, I-174 horizontal mode, I-154 leaders, I-146 multiple dimension specifications, I-155 multiple vertical in tables, IV-278 negative dimensions, I-156 output routines, IV-59 struts, IV-277 tables, IV-279 vertical, I-154 horizontal boxes, I-164 in tables, IV-275 \multispan, IV-287 struts, IV-277 vertical mode, I-154 width, I-154 default, I-154, I-155 \RulesInSide, I-329, I-332 \RulesOnSide, I-330, I-332 \RulesOutSide, I-327, I-332 running foot, IV-60 plain format, IV-91 running head, IV-81 dictionaries, IV-83 plain format, IV-91 TeX in Practice, IV-87 \S, I-23 \SameSizeMath, II-206 \SampleColumnText, II-251 \SamplePar, III-402 \SaveSpaceFactor, II-282 *\sb, II-160 scaled, II-240 scaled points, I-38, I-81, I-82 scaling fonts, II-242, II-275 Scandinavian A-with-circle, \aa and \AA, I-22 Scandinavian O-with-slash, \o and \O, I-22 script size, II-196 *\scriptfont, II-201, II-204 scriptscript size, II-196 *\scriptscriptfont, II-201, II-204 *\scriptscriptstyle, II-195, II-196 *\scriptspace, I-89, II-162 *\scriptstyle, II-195, II-196 *\scrollmode, III-442 \searrow, II-170 \sec, II-165 \Section, II-90, IV-87 section number sign, \S, I-23 \SectionRef, III-610 \SectionSample, III-582 \SectionX, II-96 \See, III-609, III-610 \see, III-609, III-610 selective printing of pages, IV-58 self-redefining macros, III-224 *\setbox, I-97, I-335, III-238 \BackslashTt@SetCounter, III-542 \SetCounter, I-70, I-76 \SetFooter, IV-140 \SetGraphDataBox, I-314, I-315 \SetHeader, IV-140 \SetIndexStream, III-491, III-494 \SetLineThickness, I-314, I-315 \setminus, II-168 \SetPageLayout, III-600, IV-121, IV-123 \SetParIndent, II-35 \SetScale, I-314 \settabs, I-198 begin tabbed line, I-19, I-198 \SetUpAfterEveryPar, III-349 \SetUpBoxRegisterQueue, III-423, III-425 \SetUpDC, IV-160 \SetUpDSC, IV-170, IV-171 \SetUpLabels, III-86, III-87 \SetUpPrintAtPosition, \IndexPit{IV-80} \SetUpTeXIPValues, III-597 *\sfcode, II-279 SGML, III-224 Shakespeare, II-4, II-37--II-41 \sharp, II-167 shifting output, I-12, IV-53 \ShiftRefPointUpOrDown, I-254, I-265 *\shipout, III-476, III-531, IV-3, IV-41, IV-49, IV-53, IV-57, IV-72, IV-93, IV-127 \ShortCard, IV-73 \ShouldBeRightHandPage, IV-47 *\show, III-33, III-155, III-177, III-315, III-442, III-521, IV-82 primitives, III-155 \ShowArray, III-136 *\showbox, I-105, I-106, I-111, II-292, III-521 \ShowBoxAll, I-111 *\showboxbreadth, I-56, I-105, I-111 *\showboxdepth, I-56, I-105, I-111 \ShowBoxDepthOne, I-111, I-224, IV-10 \ShowBoxDepthTwo, I-111 *\showhyphens, II-145 *\showlists, II-189, IV-4 *\showthe, I-36, I-37, I-88, I-92, III-313, III-442, III-521 shrinkability, I-122 default, I-123 exceeding, I-124 hierarchy, I-137 infinite, I-135 none, I-124 shrinking glue, I-125 \SideNoteText, III-492 \Sigma, II-166 \SignatureLine, I-201 \sim, II-169 \simeq, II-169 \SimpleOutputRoutine, IV-65 \sin, II-165 \sinh, II-165 size characters, II-232 *\skewchar, II-207 *\skip, I-91, IV-30 *\skipdef, I-92, III-152, III-314 skipping rows, IV-222 text, III-323 \slash, I-159, II-145 \small, II-271 \smallbreak, IV-15, IV-16 \smallskip, I-142, IV-14, IV-15 \smallskipamount, IV-16 \smash, II-209 \smile, II-169 solid, II-258 source code, I-4 entering, I-15 source file, I-5 *\sp, II-160 sp, I-38, I-81, I-82 \space, I-45, I-169, III-4, III-16 space, I-23, III-10, III-24 factor, II-276, II-279 tokens, I-24, III-2 \spacefactor, II-280 spaces active, I-25 after control symbols, III-4 after control words, III-3 after keywords, I-28 after numerical constants, I-27 ampersand, IV-229 character, III-36 control space, I-22, I-23, II-11, II-185, III-4, III-17 extended, I-21 hard space, I-27 in macro arguments, III-185 in math, I-27, II-156 interword spacing, II-275 leading spaces removal, III-308 \let, III-248 line breaking, I-25 multiple, I-24 printing, III-165 paragraphs, II-1 periods, II-282 regular, I-21 spurious, III-231 tabs, III-7 templates, IV-233 thin, II-207 token, I-24, III-2 trailing spaces removal, III-308 undelimited parameters, III-183 vertical mode, I-27 visible, I-23, I-24 *\spaceskip, II-8, II-99, II-150, II-277 \SpaceText, III-31 spacing French, II-246 interwords, II-246, II-275 table columns, IV-230 \spadesuit, II-167 *\span, III-315, IV-201, IV-264, IV-265, IV-327, IV-330 templates, IV-330 sparse tables, IV-298 *\special, III-533, IV-3, IV-22, IV-43, IV-81 \vsplit, I-278 spelling checker, I-12, II-321 *\splitbotmark, IV-83 *\splitfirstmark, IV-83 *\splitmaxdepth, I-89, I-247, I-293 splitting vboxes, I-267 *\splittopskip, I-93, I-282, IV-102 spooler, I-12, II-322 \sqcap, II-168 \sqcup, II-168 \sqrt, II-169, II-197 \sqsubseteq, II-169 \sqsupseteq, II-169 \ss, I-23 \star, II-168 \StartEndNoteWriting, III-517, III-519 \StartVerbatimL, III-45, III-55 static columns, IV-227 \StepCounter, I-70, I-76 stomach, III-1 streams output, III-472 number, III-472 stretch ratio, I-128 stretchability, I-122 default, I-123 exceeding, I-124 hierarchy, I-137 infinite, I-135 none, I-124 *\string, I-17, III-12, III-65, III-66, III-68, III-164, III-315 \StringLength, II-237 strings category codes, III-12 comparison, III-334 category codes, III-337 converting from tokens, III-65 converting to tokens, III-65 empty string testing, III-335 extraction, III-292 prefix, III-302 replacing substrings, III-297 suffix, III-307 \StringsEqualConditional, III-334, III-336, III-343, III-344 \StringsEqualConditionalCat, III-338 \StringSwitch, III-340 \strut, I-236, I-238, II-198 struts, I-235--I-241 automatic computation, I-239 generation of, I-236 boxes, I-236 vrules, I-236 tables, IV-271 \tabskip, IV-280 vertical rules, IV-277 visible, I-238 style file, I-9, III-437 selection, II-197 uncramped style, II-195 subformula, III-99 subscripts, I-4, II-160--II-162 \SubSection, II-90, III-605 \SubSectionX, II-96 \subset, II-169 \subseteq, II-169 \SubstituteFont, II-267 \SubstituteFontX, II-265 substring extraction, III-292 \SubStringConditional, III-293 \SubSubSection, III-605 \SubSubSectionX, II-96 \succ, II-169 \succeq, II-169 suffix testing, III-307 \SuffixConditional, III-307 \sum, II-178, II-190, II-194, II-195 \sup, II-165 \supereject, I-159, III-478, III-538, IV-19, IV-51, IV-52, IV-72, IV-73, IV-91, IV-108, IV-160, IV-161 superscripts, I-4, I-18, II-160--II-162, IV-98 suppression expansion, III-312 hyphenation, II-144 interline glue, I-228 kerning, II-292 ligatures, II-292 page numbering, IV-92 paragraph indentation, II-19, II-35 \SuppressNextParIndent, II-36 \supset, II-169 \supseteq, II-169 \surd, II-167 \SwapBoxRegs, I-97 \swarrow, II-170 switch statement, III-340 tab character, I-17, I-18, I-24, I-25, I-28 \halign, IV-201 writing of, III-505 table of contents file, III-499, III-541 generation of, III-543 processing of, III-587 typesetting, II-118--II-130 \TableFootNote, IV-314 \TableOfContents, III-540, III-543 TableOrListOfSomething \BackslashTt @TableOrListOfSomething, III-557 \TableRef, III-610 tables, IV-199--IV-379 basics, IV-200 \bgroup and \egroup, III-103 body, IV-200 centering of, IV-295--IV-303, IV-333 \centerline, IV-297 display math mode, IV-295 \tabskip, IV-296 columns alignment, IV-200 centered, IV-200, IV-204 changing justification, IV-226 eliminating, IV-211 implicit grouping, IV-210 left-justified, IV-200, IV-204 narrow, II-150 omitting of, IV-222 repeated entries, IV-217 spacing, IV-230 spacing of, IV-240 spanning multiple, IV-263 static, IV-227 display math mode, IV-209 double, IV-357--IV-371 entries repeated use, IV-216 examples simple, IV-206 expansion, IV-376 font changes, IV-208 footnotes, IV-313 glue templates, IV-226 heading, IV-214 horizontal rules, IV-258 page breaking, IV-351 selective columns, IV-289 implicit groups, IV-210 inputting, IV-291 leaders, IV-207 macros plain format, IV-351 material not subject to alignment, IV-256 math inline, IV-208 multi page, IV-320 named columns, IV-301 nested, IV-309--IV-311 numerical alignment, IV-242 numerical computations in, IV-337 \offinterlineskip, IV-273 \par redefining, IV-225 paragraphs, IV-311--IV-320 paragraphs between table rows, IV-316 paragraphs in, IV-304, IV-306 parentheses, IV-339 placement, IV-371 preamble, IV-200--IV-203 macros, IV-324 predetermined width, IV-251 rows empty, IV-224 paragraphs between, IV-316 skipping, IV-222 rules horizontal, IV-279 horizontal, double, IV-260 vertical, IV-279 vertical, double, IV-282 sparse, IV-298 struts, IV-271 tab character spaces, IV-229 templates, IV-200--IV-203, IV-210 changing, IV-331 \edef, IV-328 macros, IV-200, IV-324, IV-327 no glue, IV-219 omitting of, IV-220 repeated use of, IV-227 spaces, IV-233 \span, IV-330 using hboxes, I-191 vertical alignment, IV-355 vertical boxes as entries, IV-304--IV-311 vertical rules, IV-275 vertical spacing, IV-255, IV-271 vertical splitting of, IV-344 width, IV-212, IV-248 setting of, IV-248 tabs delimited parameters, III-190 spaces, III-7 *\tabskip, III-315, IV-201, IV-230, IV-239, IV-355, IV-357 default, IV-237 identical for all columns, IV-230 incomplete specification, IV-234 struts, IV-280 $tab_{0}$, IV-234, IV-237 $tab_{n}$, IV-234 \tan, II-165 tangle, II-317, II-322 \tanh, II-165 \td, III-167 templates, IV-200--IV-203, IV-210 changing, IV-331 \edef, IV-328 glue between, IV-230 \hfil, IV-226 macros, IV-200, IV-324, IV-327 no glue, IV-219 repeated use of, IV-227 spaces, IV-233 \span, IV-330 standard, IV-204 temporary registers, I-34 \tenrm, IV-92 terminal reading, III-453 terminal mode, III-442, III-521 \TestDef, III-463 testing \PrintParPrimitive, III-273 TeX, I-1, I-3, I-8 2.9, I-41, I-42 3.0, I-xxxii, I-42, I-129, II-xxxii, II-141, II-296, II-325, III-xxxviii, III-460, IV-xxviii, xxii capabilities of, I-3 debugging, III-439 diagrams of, I-3, II-320 electronic mailing lists, I-15 gullet, III-1 learning of, I-30 logo, I-189 mouth, III-1, III-2 printing output, II-284, II-321 public domain, I-1, I-14 pure, I-7 source code, I-4 entering, I-15 source files, I-5, I-9 stomach, III-1 structure of program, III-1 TeX, I-4, I-141, I-189 .tex, II-325, III-447 tex, II-315 TeX book, I-xxxii, II-xxxii, III-xxxviii, IV-xxviii, xxii TeX in Practice, I-xxxi, II-xxxi, III-xxxvii, IV-xxvii, xxi audience, I-xxxii, II-xxxii, III-xxxviii, IV-xxviii, xxii conditionals, III-351 contents, I-xxxiii, II-xxxiii, III-xxxix, IV-xxix, xxiii cross-referencing, III-607 dimensions, III-597 list of figures, II-129 list of tables, II-129 page numbering, I-xxxii, II-xxxii, III-xxxviii, IV-xxviii, xxii subdivisions, I-xxxii, II-xxxii, III-xxxviii, IV-xxviii, xxii TeX Users Group, I-xxxvi, I-xxxix, I-14, II-xxxvi, II-xxxix, III-lxii, III-lxv, IV-xxxii, IV-xxxv, IV-337, xxvi, xxix texclean, I-12 TEXFONTS, II-319 TEXFORMATS, II-319 TEXINPUTS, II-319 TeXIP, III-167 TeX IP format, III-612 TEXPOOL, II-319 text single spaced, II-258 underlining, I-200, II-161, II-297 text editor, I-11 *TeXtfont, II-201, II-204 TeXtindent, II-88 *TeXtstyle, II-195, II-196 TeXX, I-189 .tfm, II-325 tfm files, I-9 information, II-238 \TfmSizeTable, II-234 tftopl, II-292, II-316, II-322 *\the, I-35--I-37, I-47, I-87, I-88, I-92, I-101, III-12, III-282, III-313, IV-91, 6 \edef, III-208 \message, I-37 tokens generated, III-313 \TheArabicCounter, I-70, I-74 \TheCounter, I-70, I-73 \Theta, II-166 \theta, II-166 \thickmuskip, II-185 thin space, II-207 \thinmuskip, II-185 \thinspace, I-83, I-142 \ThreeMonthlyCalendars, III-388 tie, I-24, I-25 tight boxes, I-131 lines, II-143 \tilde, II-177 tilde, I-22, I-25, I-159, III-15 category code, III-15 \TildeText, III-31 \TildeTt, III-31 *\time, I-51, I-53 time printing current, I-51 \times, II-168 timing paragraphs parameters, II-110 .tip, I-xxxv, II-xxxv, II-325, III-lxi, III-447, IV-xxxi, xxv \Title, IV-185 .toc, II-325, III-447 \TocEntry, II-118, II-121, II-124, III-501 \Today, III-163 \TodayX, III-383 \TodayY, III-383 \TodayZ, III-383 tokens, III-1--III-149 basics, III-1 characters, III-3 conditionals related to, III-321 control sequences, III-3 testing, III-339 control words, I-27, III-3, III-65 converting from strings, III-65 converting to strings, III-65 definition testing, III-172 lists, III-3, III-99 comparing, III-343 main token list, III-158 mouth, III-153 parameters, III-4, III-118 registers, I-36, III-117 undefined \PrintIfX, III-345 \TokensToTeXList, III-136 \toks0, III-315 *\toksdef, III-117, III-152, III-314 *\tolerance, I-53, II-138, II-149 \top, II-167 \topins, IV-97, IV-103, IV-105, IV-117 *\topinsert, II-115, II-116, IV-32, IV-90, IV-97, IV-103--IV-106, IV-113, IV-129, IV-130 *\topmark, IV-82 *\topskip, I-93, I-257, IV-10, IV-12--IV-14, IV-70, IV-80 \baselineskip, I-257 tracing computations in TeX, III-114 macro expansion, III-216 \tracingall, I-55, III-440, III-441 *\tracingcommands, I-55, III-217 *\tracinglostchars, I-55, II-297, III-440 *\tracingmacros, I-55, III-216, III-440 *\tracingonline, I-55, I-106, III-217, III-440 *\tracingoutput, I-55 *\tracingpages, I-55, IV-4 *\tracingparagraphs, I-55, II-137 *\tracingrestores, I-55, III-114 *\tracingstats, I-55, III-217, III-440 \TreatAsRobust, III-481 \triangle, II-167 \triangleleft, II-168 \triangleright, II-168 true dimension units, I-86, II-229 true text, III-317 \tt, I-4, I-20, II-256, III-26, III-43, III-44 TUG, I-xxxvi, I-xxxix, I-14, II-xxxvi, II-xxxix, III-lxii, III-lxv, IV-xxxii, IV-xxxv, IV-337, xxvi, xxix {\sc TUGBoat}, I-14 typefaces, II-263 typewriter font, I-4, II-256 *\uccode, III-62 *\uchyph, I-55, II-143 undelimited parameters, III-181 spaces, III-183 Under, II-192 \underbar, I-200, II-297 underfull boxes, I-131 *\underline, I-200, II-170, II-197 underlining math mode, II-170 text, I-200, II-161, II-297 underscore, I-18, II-160 \UnderscoreText, III-31 \UnderscoreTt, III-31 undump, II-314 *\unhbox, I-96, I-211, I-261, II-10 *\unhcopy, I-97, I-211, I-236, I-261 units dimensions, I-81, I-84 \unkern, I-301 \unpenalty, I-301 *\unskip, I-191, I-301, I-308, II-124 *\unvbox, I-96, I-211, I-261, I-263, IV-9, IV-95 *\unvcopy, I-97, I-211, I-261, I-263 \Uparrow, II-170 \uparrow, II-170 \upbracefill, I-150, I-153 \Updownarrow, II-170 \updownarrow, II-170 \uplus, II-168 *\uppercase, I-16, III-62, III-63, III-68, III-212, III-315 \edef, III-212 \Upsilon, II-166 utilities, I-11, II-321 dvi file processors, IV-136 spelling checker, I-12, II-321 *\vadjust, II-29, II-112, II-115, II-116, III-107, IV-19 *\valign, I-256, III-315, IV-355 \ValueOfDecimalPosition, I-59 \VarArgs, III-264 \varepsilon, II-166 \varphi, II-166 \varrho, II-166 \vartheta, II-166 *\vbadness, I-55, I-131 *\vbox, I-99, I-206, I-209, I-210, I-319, II-8, IV-2 spread, I-144, I-251 to, I-144, I-237, I-251, I-252, II-181, IV-9, IV-31, IV-59, IV-94, IV-95, IV-104, IV-162 \VboxR, I-144, I-209, I-319, I-334, I-336 Vcent, II-192 *\vcenter, I-97, I-99, I-206, I-209, I-210, I-242, I-248, II-192 spread, I-251 to, I-251, I-252 \VcenterR, I-209, I-335 \VcenterX, I-248, I-336 \VcenterXR, I-335, I-336 \vdash, II-169 \vdots, II-223 \vec, II-177 \vee, II-168 \Verb, III-31, III-32 \VerbAsSource, III-513 \VerbAsVerb, III-513 verbatim character caret, I-4 listing of file, III-41, III-42, 80, 81 macros auxiliary, III-27 mode, I-16, I-17, III-26 display, I-25, III-26, III-36 inline, III-26, III-31 inline, advanced, III-35 writing, III-485, III-504 \VerbatimFont, III-45 \VerbatimTab, III-44, III-45 \VerbatimTokBegin, III-44, III-46 \VerbatimTokEnd, III-44, III-46 \VerbatimTokLine, III-44, III-46 \VerbControlSpace, III-31 \VerbLineNumtrue, III-45 \VerifyInitDate, III-358 vertical alignment, IV-355 boxes, I-161 horizontal rules, I-211 glue, I-121, I-142--I-145, I-227, IV-3 vertical boxes, I-211, I-213 kerning, IV-4 leaders, I-145, I-211 lines, I-154 list, I-210 main, IV-1 material generated by output routine, IV-53 mode, III-437 inner, I-210, III-437 penalties, I-158 rules, I-154 spaces, I-27 rules, I-154 rules and \multispan, IV-287 rules and struts, IV-277 rules in tables, IV-279 shifting of pages, I-12 space computation, IV-6 spacing display math mode, II-216 in tables, IV-255, IV-271 macros, I-309 spacing between paragraphs, II-25 splitting of tables, IV-344 *\vfil, I-143, IV-18 *\vfill, I-143, II-115, IV-18, IV-27 *\vfilneg, I-143, IV-18 \vfootnote, IV-99 *\vfuzz, I-88, I-132 virtex, II-141, II-313, II-314 undump, II-314 virtual fonts, 68 visible boxes, I-163 output routines, IV-44 glue, I-147 space, I-23, I-24 struts, I-238 vboxes, I-209 \VisibleSpaceTt, I-24, III-31 visually incompatible lines, II-143 *\voffset, I-12, I-28, I-89, IV-46, IV-54 void box registers, I-103, III-322 \vphantom, II-209 *\vrule, I-154, I-164, I-236, I-240, II-11, III-438 *\vsize, I-28, III-597, IV-5, IV-8, IV-28, IV-46, IV-166 \VsizeTeXIP, III-597 *\vskip, I-87, I-94, I-121, I-142, IV-14, IV-27 *\vsplit, I-97, I-267--I-298, IV-1, IV-81, IV-83, IV-345 double column text, I-267 glue, I-270 leaders, I-280 penalty, I-285 \special, I-278 syntax, I-267 *\vss, I-143 \Vtbox, I-264, I-265 *\vtop, I-99, I-206, I-209, I-210, I-264, I-319, IV-2, IV-366 spread, I-251 to, I-237, I-251, I-252 \VtopR, I-209, I-319, I-334 *\wd, I-87, I-100 weave, II-317 WEB, I-13, II-317 \WEB, III-167 .web, II-325 \wedge, II-168 week days, III-360 \WeekOfYear, III-392 whatsits, IV-3 \While, III-408 while loops do loops, III-413 logical, III-408 numerical, III-406 \WhileNum, III-406 wide accents, II-177 \widehat, II-177 \widetilde, II-177 widow line, IV-20 *\widowpenalty, I-54, III-597, III-598, IV-20--IV-22, IV-24, IV-25 width, I-28, I-156 width boxes, I-176, I-242 natural, I-125, I-176 characters, I-165, II-231 columns predetermined, IV-251 determination in tables, IV-212 horizontal boxes, I-176 zero, I-180 keyword width, I-28, I-156 rules, I-154 default, I-154, I-155 setting table width, IV-248 table, IV-212, IV-248 tables, IV-212 \WidthSavingBox, IV-212 *\wlog, I-37, III-219, III-523 words converting to a list, III-133 \WordsToTeXList, III-133 workstations, I-1 \wp, II-167 \wr, II-168 *\write, II-35, III-313, III-315, III-472, III-473, IV-3 \WriteAuxFileComment, III-562 \WriteCountersToAuxFile, III-554, III-606 \WriteProtocol, III-526 \WriteToAuxSpecial, II-95, III-543, III-555 \WriteToc, III-501 \WriteVerbatimArgument, III-485 writing boxes to log file, I-105 comments to auxiliary files, III-562 control sequences, III-479 delayed, III-473, III-476, IV-3 dvi file, III-531 file, III-472 immediate, III-473, III-475, III-476 log file parameters, I-116 verbatim, III-485, III-504 WYSIWYG, I-xxxiii, I-3, II-xxxiii, III-xxxix, IV-xxix, xxiii *\xdef, III-73, III-108, III-215, III-314, III-315, IV-218 \XDefinedConditional, III-345 \Xi, II-166 *\xleaders, I-145, I-147, I-148 \XParShape, II-107, II-108 *\xspaceskip, II-8, II-99, II-150, II-277 *\year, I-35, I-53, IV-62 year leap, III-369 \YearlyCalendar, III-390 zero depth of hboxes, I-185 height of hboxes, I-185 penalty value, I-158 width of hboxes, I-180 \ZeroBox, I-104 \ZeroBoxOut, I-104, IV-80